Floral Species Diversity Of Various Land-use Types In The Region

Jinzhong Basin is located in Fen River valley in central of Shanxi province.The geographical coordinates is east longitude 111°45' to 112°50',north latitude 36°48' to 38°18'.And it belongs to Temperate Continental Monsoon Climate.Plain areas in central basin are mainly composed by farmland.While extensive natural irrigation grass and artificial forests were distributed in surrounding hilly areas.The forest coverage rate of the region is 29.5%and vegetation coverage rate is 38.4%.In this study,survey plots were randomly set up by using random sampling method,including the woodland,inland beach,orchard,cemetery,farmland furrows and highway land from the entire area of Jinzhong Basin.And then several quadrats were set up in each sample plots for ecological analysis.Field investigation and laboratory experiment analysis were combining used for experimental data collection and survey data processing.And the impacts of land-use types on floral diversity were discussed.The research indicates that:(1)The number of family,genus and species within the survey plots were counted and reorganized,database was established,survey data were statistical analyzed and mapped by using relevant software,and finally floral species composition of various land-use types were studied.The research shows that a total of 294 species,belonging to 61 families and 176 genera,were found in all kinds of quadrats setting in various land-use types from Jinzhong Basin.Among them,the woodland quadrats held 103 species,attaching to 31 families and 76 genera;the inland beach quadrats had 117 species,belonging to 37 families and 86 genera;the orchard quadrats contained 89 species,subordinating to 31 families and 66 genera;the cemetery quadrats possessed 163 species,attaching to 47 families and 116 genera;the farmland furrow quadrats held 168 species,belonging to 40 families and 113 genera;the highway land quadrats possessed 91 species,attaching to 37 families and 72 genera.Asteraceae,which containing more than 10 species in every one of six land types,was the largest family.In terms of family level,eurytopic families accounted for 44.26 of the total family numbers;moderate adaptive families,the same as specific families,accounted for 27.87%of the total family numbers.A total of 215 kinds of herbs,34 kinds of shrubs,45 kinds of megaphanerophytes were found from overall quadrats in the region.The number of floral species in each land types were ranked as farmland furrow>cemetery>inland beach>woodland>highway land>orchard,which was indicated that different types of land use exerts significant effects on floral species composition.(2)The plant diversity indices of those six land-use types was calculated,such as the Jaccard similarity index and Gleason species richness index,and the Independent-sample t-test was carried out to analyze its floral diversity.The result shows the highest Jaccard similarity index was found in farmland furrows and cemetery land amounting to 0.552;and the lowest one was only 0.216 found in orchard and highway land.The arithmetic averages of Gleason richness index were ranked as cemetery>farmland furrow>inland beach>woodland>orchard>highway land.The two-way t-Test of independent samples reveled the significant differences between most sample pairs except for woodland vs.river,woodland vs.orchard,woodland vs.cemetery,river vs.orchards,and cemetery vs.farmland furrow.Herbs were of highest contribution to floral community composition and diversity in all six land-use types,followed by megaphanerophytes,while shrubs contributed a minimum.The number of megaphanerophyte species showed unconspicuous differences in six land-use types,which was relatively larger in cemetery and highway land,comparatively smaller in orchard,woodland and inland beach.While significant differences appeared on shrub species numbers.The highest number was found in cemetery land,the lowest one was found in inland beach,and no shrub was found in orchard.The number of herb species in various land types were ranked in descending order as farmland furrow,cemetery,inland beach,woodland,orchard and highway land.(3)GIS-based graphic overlay method and statistical correlation analysis were used to explore the relevance between floral diversity and environmental factors of different land-use types.The analysis demonstated that some impact on floral growth could be created by environmental factors in the region,such as micro-topography and altitude.But they were not decisive factors that caused the differences on species composition and floral diversity among various land-use types.Finally,the human disturbance was identified as the principle factor for floral diversity variations in all types of land-use.