| The area of Northwestern Hubei province leans in Qingling-Daba mountains,and the Hanjiang River runs through the whole region.The unique natural environment and climatic conditions make the biodiversity rich,and the area is one of the hot spots of biodiversity in China.The wild vertebrates in northwestern Hubei are our research objects.The study focusing on the 8 nature reserves area in Northwestern Hubei?Shen nong-jia,Ba gua-shan,Ye ren-gu,Zhang he-yuan,Du he-yuan,Wu dao-xia,Nanhe,Wan chao-shan?.Based on the comprehensive investigation,collecttion and arrangement of the relevant literature,studies on the flora characteristics,species diversity and geographical spatial type of wild vertebrates in the 8 natural reserves,The main research results are as follows:?1?Flora characteristics of wild vertebrates in Northwestern Hubei Province?1?Species composition of wild vertebrate is richThere are 713 species of wild vertebrates in northwestern Hubei,belonging to 394genera and 135 families.Among them,there are 619 species of wild vertebrates,belonging to30 orders,335 genera,accounting for 90.10 percent of the total number of wild vertebrates in Hubei province.Of the Terrestrial wild vertebrates,there are 51 species of tael,belonging to 2orders,11 families and 30 genera;55 species of reptile,belonging to 2 orders,13 families and38 genera.405 species of birds,belonging to 18 orders,69 families and 195 genera;108species of mammals,belonging to 8 orders,26 families and 72 genera.There are 94 species of fishes belonging to 4 orders,16 families and 59 genera.?2?The floristic composition of wild vertebrates is complexNorthwestern Hubei is in the northwest of central China region of Oriental realm,adjacent to the Palearctic,allows the species of adjacent battery limit to penetrate each other.Wild vertebrates and major groups in the region of the floristic composition with Orientalspecies account for the main body,Palaearctic species and Cosmopolitan species mix.The area of wild vertebrates are divided into 15 distribution types.Not only have Southern China type,Oriental type,Moonsoon type,but also have Palaearctic type,North-East type,North China type,All North type.At the same time,there are plateau distribution types,such as Yunnan-guizhou plateau type and Himalaya-cross sectional mountainous type.In addition,there are some special types,such as Local type and Island type.?3?The single-species families and the single-species genera hold advantage,and the big families and big genera are poor.There are 135 families and 394 genera of wild vertebrates in Northwestern Hubei.Among the 135 families,there are 49 single-species families account for 36.30 percent of total families;And 255 single-species genera account for 64.72 percent of total genera.There are 22 families the species in 10 or above.The species of 3 big genera are in 10 or above,Pseudobagrus,Garrulax and Phylloscopus.The results show that the species composition of wild vertebrates in northwestern Hubei is dominated by single-species family and single-species genera,lack of big families and big genera.?4?The endemic groups are rich and have many ancient relic species.There are 117 endemic species of wild vertebrates in Northwestern Hubei,account for16.41 percent of total species.Among the wild vertebrates in Northwestern Hubei,the unique component of Pisce is the riches,have 51 endemic species,in terrestrial vertebrates,there are66 endemic species in China.After the quaternary glacial period,some fish survived and adapted to the environment in the southern part of China,becoming relict species.Some of the Paleogene primitive taxa groups are retained in the area,such as Barbinae of Cyprinidae,Danioninae,Cyprininae,Bagridae of Siluriformes and Percichthyidae of Perciformes.?2?The biodiversity analysis of wild vertebrate in northwest Hubei.?1?G-F index measureIn order to explore the species diversity of wild vertebrates in the area and the information of species composition in fauna,the G-F index is used to measure the diversity of families and genera.The results show that,the G-F index between different groups is significant,the G-F index of birds is the highest,and the G-F index of fishes is the lowest.?2??-diversity measureIn order to analyze the environmental differences and the degree of differentiation of species in different protected areas in northwest Hubei,the?-diversity index is used to measure diversity.The results show that,the environmental differences of different river basins lead to different degrees of differentiation and segregation of species in different areas.The natural reserves in the same drainage system have a low?R index and?c index than the nature reserves between different drainage systems.Meanwhile,there is a difference in the degree of differentiation and isolation of different groups by the migration ability.?3?Geographical distribution of wild vertebrates in Northwestern Hubei Province?1?The wild vertebrates are mainly concentrated in the western region in the northwest of Hubei Province.The most abundant area of wild vertebrates in Northwest Hubei is the Shen nong-jia Nature Reserve.While,the species richness of wild vertebrates in the eastern region is generally low.?2?The species of rare,endangered species and the endemic species of China have their own geographic distribution pattern in northwestern of Hubei Province.The conservational species,rare and endangered species and endemic species of wild vertebrates in Shennongjia Nature Reserve are the most abundant,and higher than other nature reserves.?3?The wild vertebrates richness are highly correlation with environmental factors in different degrees.In addition to fishes and Mammalia,The wild vertebrates and other groups have a significant correlation with area of nature reserves and average annual rainfall,but no significant correlation between with annual average temperature.In addition to Pisces and aves,the wild vertebrates and other groups have a significant correlation with altitudinal gradient. |
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