Genetic Diversity Of The Population Of Hyla Japonica Based On Mitochondrial Dna Sequences

The Hyla japonica,belongs to Hyla,Hylidae,Amphibia,mainly distributed in China's Inner Mongolia and Northeast China,abroad is mainly distributed in the Korean Peninsula,South Korea,Japan and Far Eastern Russia.Currently,There are few studies about genetic of H.Japonica,In the domestic,Studies mainly related to the aspects of physiology,biochemistry and cytochemistry.In the overseas,The genetic diversity of H.Japonica and H.suweonensis distributed in Korean Peninsula was analyzed by scholar of Korean.A total of 87 samples were collected in 14 sampling sites(including the download homologous sequences in the GenBank of the Korean peninsula).To discusses the genetic diversity and distribution system of the H.Japonica populations.The mitochondrial cyt b gene sequence of 845 bp was obtained from PCR amplification and sequencing.The halotype diversity of the H.japonica was 0824,the nucleotide diversity was 000658,These showed that there was a lower genetic diversity among the population of H.japonica.A total of 41 variable sites in cyt b sequences from internal populations defined31 haplotypes,among which there were 5 haplotypes shared between populations,6haplotypes shared within populations,and 20 specific haplotypes.The conversion ratio of base to base was 8.32.The range of genetic distances among haplotypes was 0~0.012,the mean genetic distance was 0.008.On the analysis of statistical parsimony network,the distribution of the hapotypes in populations and the basis of phylogenetic tree,The tree was divided into two branches,one branch was composed of haplotypes in Korean Peninsula,another had no geographical distribution.And there was no obvious geographical distribution of the whole populations either.This may be caused by the characteristics of the H.japonica and the absence of a clear geographical barrier.The adult populations have a strong diffusion ability,so the whole populations may be more frequent gene exchanges.And there is no geographical isolation.The terrain in the northeastern region is dominated by plains,with rivers flowing and without mountains.Moreover,the geographical distance between the northeast of China and the Korean Peninsula is relatively close.The gene exchange between groups is easily to occur.During the collection of H.japonica,it was found that the number of populations showing a downward trend.Need to strengthen the investigation and monitoring of the species.The habitat structure of H.japonica is single and some habitat is serious damage due to human activities.The results of our study also show that the genetic diversity(nucleotide diversity and haplotype diversity)of H.Japonica is low,so,it is urgently needed to protect the H.Japonica in Northeast China.