| Rosaceae Prunus L. Subgenus Cerasus(Mill.) A. Gray is a big clade distributing around the temperate zone of northern hemisphere, mainly between Himalaya and eastern Asia area,especialy in China. There are near 100 species of Cerasus in the world, and China has 44 of them, acording to ?Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae? Subgen. Cerasus is a group that containing many high value plants. Sweet Cherry(Prunus avium(L.) L.) and Chinese Cherry(P. pseudocerasus Lindl.) are fruits with high economic benefits and there are many other species of Cerasus, such as P. serrulata Lindl., P. cerasoides var. campanulata(Maxim.) Koidz. and P. yedoensis Matsum., are the famous and popular ornamental flowering trees in the world. As a member of genus Prunus, a controversial taxonomic group, there are many problems in the taxonomy of the subgen. Cerasus. Though the technology to study phyogeny and taxonomy developed in the last 20 years, and many studies were operated to study about the Prunus, but few of them focoused on the subgen. Cerasus.I collected morphological chracteristic datas from the specimens in the Herbarium of Institude of Botany Academia Sinica(PE), Herbarium of Kuming Institude of Botany Academia Sinica(KUN), South China Botanical Garden Herbarium(IBSC), Herbarium of Zhejiang A&F University(ZJFC), Herbarium of Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences(CDBI), Herbarium of Guangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences(IBK), Herbarium of Havard University(H), Missouri Botanical Garden(MO), Herbarium of the University of California(UC), Jepson Herbarium, University of California(JEPS), and Herbarium of University of California, Davis(DAV).We operated numerical taxonomic study with selected characters to investigate the taxonimic coverage of the subgen. Cerasus and the classification infra subgen. Cerasus. And we draw the distributed map of subgen. Cerasus and summarized the distributed patterns of the clades of subgen. Cerasus.With 35 morphological characters, we exceuted the cluster analysis and Principle Component Analysis on the 50 species of subgen. Cerasus and 15 relatives in Prunus. The result shows that the Grex. Microcerasus in Koehne's taxonomy system of subgen. Cerasus(subgen. Microcerasus in Yu's system) is quietly different from the Grex. Typocerasus(subgen. Cerasus in Yu's system). Microcerasus is divided into three clades, both of these clades cluster with the P. spinosa, P. salicina Lindl. and P. cerasifera Ehrh., three species of subgen. Prunus. This result coincide with the moleucular phylogeny study of genus Prunus, indicating that subgen. Cerasus should only include Typocerasus, and Microcerasus is one part of the subgen. Prunus.Then, I operated a numerical taxonomy study on 41 species of Typocerasus. As a result, Typocerasus can be divided into 12 clades by the Euclidean Distance 7.96, and three of the clades embrace most of the species. Those endemic species distribute around alpine regions in Sichuan, Yunnan and Tibet, P. stipulacea Maxim., P. caudata(Hance) Koidz., P. setulosa Batalin, P. trichotoma Koehne, P. crataegifolius Hand.-Mazz., P. mugus and P. trichantha Koehne cluster with P. nipponica Matsum. and P. apetala(Sieb. & Zucc.) Franch. & Sav., two endemic species from Japan. Those species with persistent leafy bracts, P. dolichadenia Cardot, P. conadenia Kohne, P. pleiocerasus Koehne, P. discadenia Koehne, P. patentipila Hand.-Mazz., P. clarofolia C.K. Schneid. and Prunus tatsienensis Batalin, P. polytricha Koehne cluster with those species with raceme and small bracts, P. yunnanensis Franch., P. duclouxii Koehne, P. conradinae Koehne, P. henryi(C.K. Schneid.) Koehne, P. pusilliflora Cardot, P. glabra(Pamp.) Koehne and P. cerasoides var. campanulata(Maxim.) Koidz., Prunus cerasoides D. Don group with P. serrulata Lindl. and those species simaliry with P. serrulata Lindl.I concluded that the distributed pattern of subgen. Cerasus native to China can be divided into 8 models, they are Yun-Gui-Chuan distribution, Himalaya distribution, QinlingHengduan distribution, Changjiang River distribution, Qinba-Taihang distribution, South China distribution, East China distribution and North-East distribution.Conprehensively considerated about numerical taxonomy, distribution and previous achievments of molecular phylogeny and phylogeography study, I put forward a new taxonomy system in this paper, which is similar to Yu's system.The subgen. Cerasus is divided into 8 sections in the new system. They are Sect. Mahaleb Koehne, Sect. Mahaleb Koehne, Sect. Cerasoides Koehne, Sect. Pseudomahaleb Koehne, Sect. Serrula Koehne, Sect. puddum Koehne, Sect. sargentiella Koehne, Sect. Cyclaminium Koehne. Sect. Ma-cradenium Koehne contains 2 series, Ser. Phyllomahaleb Koehne and Ser. Phyllocerasus Koehne, the two series' coverage are same with the sect. Phyllomahaleb and sect. Phyllocerasus in the Yu's system. P. conradinae Koehne in sect. serrula and P. pseudocerasus Lindl. in sect. lobopetalum are transferred to sect. pseudomahaleb. P. cerasoides var. campanulata(Maxim.) Koidz. and P. cerasoides D. Don. are seprated from sect. serrula as sect. Puddum.Besides, the species of subgen. Cerasus native to China were revsied in this paper. P. conradinae Koehne, P. glabra Koehne, Prunus pusilliflora Card. and Prunus henryi(C.K. Schneider) Koehne were treated to be one species and the last three name were the synonyms of P. conradinae Koehne. Prunus campanulata Maxim. was treated as Prunus cerasoides D. Don var. campanulata(Maxim.) Koidz. And P. duclouxii Koehne was comfirming to be the synonym of P. yunnanensis Koehne; P. variabilis Koehne?P. rehderiana Koehne were the synonyms of P. clarofolia Koehne. And Prunus hainanensis(G. A. Fu et Y. S. Lin) H. Yu, N. H. Xia & H. G. Ye is the new synonym of Prunus cerasoides D. Don var. campanulata(Maxim.) Koidz. |
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