Molecular Systematics Of Hesperiinae From China And Adjacent Areas(Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)

The subfamily Hesperiinae belongs to Hesperiidae of Hesperioidea in Lepidoptera, and is the largest group in Hesperiidae, with wide distribution in all major zoogeographical regions of the world. China and adjacent areas have very diverse species of Hesperiinae, but little work has been done on the molecular systematics of this subfamily from these areas. In the present thesis, the mitochondrial genes COI-COII, 16 Sr RNAand unclear genes EF-1??Wingless were selected for 116 species representing 55 genera, the sequence data of all genes were analyzed with the software Mega and MAMBE etc, the phylogenetic framework of Hesperiidae from China and adjacent areas was reconstructed using Bayesian inference,Maximum likelihood and Maximum parsimony, the results are as follows:1. The monophyly of Hesperiidae was highly supported, with 8 tribes in this subfamily, among which the tribe Apostictopterini is located at the basal position of Hesperiidae.2. Arnetta is not monophyletic. The type species of this genus, A. atkinsoni, was removed in Aeromachini, and A. hyposticta was placed in Isoteinonini.3. Thoressa is a polyphyletic group, the genus was divided into three distinct clades,one of the clades was built as new genus Parathoressa gen. nov., with T. varia as type species. The new genus is sister to Pithauria.4. Zinaida is not a monophyletic group. Z. elota and Z. discreta form a well-supported clade that is sister to Zenonia. Here a new genus Zenonoida gen. nov.was proposed, with Z. elota as the type species.5. Borbo is not monophyletic. The clade formed by B. gemella, B. holtzii and B. sp.was proposed as a new genus Larsenia gen. nov., with B. holtzii as the type species.6. The genera Hidari and Kedestes were placed into Isoteinonini, with high support.7. Astictopterus is not a monophyletic group. A. anomoeus and A. inornatus were moved in Isoteinon: Isoteinon anomoeus comb. nov., Isoteinon inornatus comb.nov.8. The monophyly of Plastingiini is not supported by the present study.9. The genus Unkana is not monophyletic.