Research On 3 Types Of Water Transfermation Characteristic In Karst Regions

Guizhou is the center of karst ecological environment system in south China,three-dimensional and diversity,and its regional natural background is of difference.The paper takes guizhou karst areas as the research object, of which the carbonate rock is the most pure,thick, the biggest, the most typical karst area,and the most prominent problems in the utilization of water resources are mainly concentrated in the mountain slope, platform basin valley region.This paper mainly studies the following content: one is the karst area in karst basin, the types and characteristics of groundwater system;the other is based on the water balance theory and the actual experiment, to different types of karst water system,the amount and way of atmospheric precipitation turning to surface water and characteristics of groundwater forming to surface water is studied.Get the following conclusions:(1)In this paper, the types of karst valley in Guizhou province are divided into two types: slope peak cluster depression area and mesa Valley region. This paper in Qianxi mountainous slopes limestone peak cluster depression area, Guizhou dolomite dissolution hill and valley area, and Guizhou Province Zhongshan original platform dolomitic limestone karst hill valley area as the object of study, it is concluded that Qianxi slope areas of peak cluster depression basically limestone exposed area, groundwater discharged; Guizhou table solution valleys, regions dominated by dolomite, dispersed excretory system; in Guizhou Karst Hilly Valley in dolomitic limestone mainly, to disperse the excretory system.(2) In different karst basin, due to the different aqueous media, rainfall infiltration,infiltration type are not the same, and it is pointed out that the atmospheric precipitation to groundwater transformation strength with mountainous slopes limekarst peak cluster depression area > mountain platform dolomitic limestone karst hill Valley Area > dolomite dissolution characteristics of hill and valley area; groundwater to surface water transformation strength with dolomite dissolution hill and valley area > mountain platform dolomitic limestone karst hill Valley Area > the characteristics of mountainous slopes lime karst peak cluster depression area.(3) The mountain slope in karst peak cluster area of depression mainly concentrated discharge,geological structure is basically double medium to Karst Cave- type, the dynamic response is relatively sensitive, attenuation are often divided into 2 or 3 sub period,sub period and attenuation coefficient of n x 10-1 or n x 10-2, the water level rose sharply with the fall, feeding that row characteristics; and mesa valley type karst hill valley area to cover the type of dolomite and dolomitic limestone is widely distributed,basically to disperse the excretion mode, geological structure based on three element structure, medium dissolved pore karst type, the lag effect should be obvious. Often only one sub attenuation period, and the attenuation coefficient is n x 10-3, and storage function.In the light of karst mountain area, surface water resources is easy leakage and is in serious shortage, the paper researches on karst surface water and groundwater conversion rule,is to development and protect water resources, to provide technological support and demonstration model in Guizhou and southwest karst mountainous area.