| Panzhihua was the arid-hot valleys area in southwest China,and it had special geographic environment,climate characteristics mainly dry and hot,where easy to cause fire.As an ecological of fire,it affected the composition and distribution of different kinds of arthropod community.In order to reveal the diversity of ants in fire disturbance in arid-hot valleys and explore the disturbance response of ant community in fire,the study was carried out by pitfall trappings in 7 plantations in Panzhihua City in May,2014.The plantations contained Panzhihua Garden(?),Honghuatian fired plantation in 2004(?),Honghuatian fired plantation in 2011(?),Shifanbei fired plantation in 2008(?),Shifanbei fired plantation in 1998(?),Tongde forestry farm continuous fired 4 years plantation(?),Tongde forestry farm no fired plantation(?),and researched on plant community by big quadrat and small quadrat.Main results were as follows:(1)Impact of Continuous Fire Disturbance on Ground-dwelling Ant Communities: ant community composition,1878 ant individuals were collected,representing 4 sub-families,16 genus,and 21 species.The ? plantation had the most ant abundance and species;Ant diversity showed that there was difference in abundance during the 3 kinds of plantations;Community composition,among the 3 plantations,ant communities structure showed difference,?-1 and ?-2 showed similarity,?-1 and ?-2 showed similarity,?-1 and ?-2 showed similarity;Indicator species analysis showed that Camponotus parius was indicator species in continuous fire disturbance habitat,Crematogaster ferrarii,Tapinoma melanocephalum,Monomorium pharaonis and Pachycondyla luteipes were indicator species in Panzhihua Park,there was no indicator species in Tongde Forest Farm.The fire with different levels and modes had different results in arthropod community,although ? plantation had the highest abundance,thus there was no difference with ? plantation and this two plantations had difference with ? plantation,so as to say,the impact of human activities was more important than continuous fire.(2)The diversity and the reason of ants in different restoring times of post-fire forest: ant community composition showed that 1541 ant individuals were collected,representing 3 sub-families,13 genus,and 21 species.Ant abundance and diversity showed that the ant abundance in ? plantation was the highest among 4 plantations,the ant species richness in ? plantation was the highest among all plantations;Community structure showed that among the 4 plantations,ant community structure could be divided into 3 groups,ant in ? plantation was the first type,ant in ? plantation was the second type and third type was ? and ? plantation,which showed relative similar ant structure;Correlation analysis showed that there were positive correlations between ground-dwelling ant abundance,richness and plant abundance,richness,and there were negative correlations between ground-dwelling ant abundance,richness and plant coverage.The results showed that,? plantation had the lowest abudance and species richness,? and ? plantation had the better results.(3)Comparison of Ants Functional Traits: Monomorium chinensis was the worst specie and Polyrhachis punctillata was the best specie in the ability of sensing surroundings;Paratrechina flavipes tended to omnivory diet and Polyrhachis punctillata tended to herbivory in the ability of diet;Paratrechina flavipes was the best specie and Polyrhachis punctillata was the worst specie in the ability of across complex environments;Monomorium chinensis was the best specie and Camponotus mitis was the worst specie in the ability of predatory;Paratrechina flavipes was the worst specie and Polyrhachis punctillata was the best specie in ability of surviving in complex environment;Paratrechina sp.1 was the worst specie and Polyrhachis punctillata was the best specie in ability of carrying food resource;Monomorium chinensis was the worst and Polyrhachis punctillata was the best in ability of finding food resource;Monomorium chinensis and Monomorium pharaonis were worst,Camponotus parius,Aphaenogaster beccarii and Polyrhachis punctillata were best in ability of consumption resource;Tetramorium walshi and Monomorium chinensis were the worst,Paratrechina longicornis,Aphaenogaster beccarii and Camponotus mitis were best in ability of harvesting resource.The results showed that,although the body size showed difference,the same genus had more similarity functional traits than different genus,such as Monomorium,Tapinoma and Pheidole,the Polyrhachis punctillata had the biggest functional traits,and Monomorium chinensis had the smallest functional traits,that was to say,the different functional traits was due to different body size.(4)The response of ground-dwelling ant community to fire disturbance: the 7 kinds of functional traits index and 3 kinds of functional traits showed that,in the AL,EL,MII and ML functional traits index area,? was the best,? was the worst;in the HL,HW and HC functional traits area,? was the best,? was the worst;in the RC area,? was the best,? was the worst;in the FR area,G was the best,? was the worst;in the CR area,? was the best,? was the worst.The ant community functional diversity showed that,in the RC FRic area,? was the best,? was the worst,in the RC FEve area,? was the best,? was the worst,in the RC FDiv area,? was the best,? was the worst;in the FR FRic area,? was the best,? was the worst,in the FR FEve area,? was the best,? was the worst,in the FR FDiv area,? was the best,? was the worst;in the CR FRic area,? was the best,? was the worst,in the CR FEve area,? was the best,? was the worst,in the CR FDiv area,? was the best,? was the worst.Ant species diversity had significantly positive correlation with the height of trees and shrubs,had significantly negative correlation with the projection area of trees and shrubs;ant functional traits diversity had significantly positive correlation with the height of trees and shrubs;functional evenness had significantly negative correlation with the projection area of herbaceous community;ant species diversity had significantly positive correlation with functional traits diversity.The study found that,? and ? plants functional diversity were improved by Camponotus parius.That was to say,ground-dwelling ant community could show response to fire disturbance by species diversity,functional traits diversity and functional diversity. |
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