Design And Application Of Early Warning System On Debris Flow

The upper reaches of Min River were selected as the study zone in this paper. In this paper, we could combine with the regional historical rainfall data to analyzes the vertical differentiation characteristics of the study area rainfall and summarized the sensor node layout rules under the GIS support; In order to build a debris flow warning and forecasting system of short time, we were using Wireless Sensor Network and GIS technology and combining the critical water depth model to calculate the critical rainfall of debris flow.The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows:(1) Though field investigation, remote sensing and literature review to get the geological basic data of the study area, and on this basis, the application of GIS and RS technology to sum up the characteristic of topography of the upper Min River Basin;(2) Based on the historical rainfall data of the upper Min River Basin, and combined with the regional digital elevation model(DEM), analysis rainfall vertical differentiation characteristics of the upper Min River Basin;(3) Though the senor node, Zigbee protocol,4G communications protocol to built the Wireless Sensor Networks, and get the layout rules of the Wireless Sensor node based on the vertical differentiation feature of the rainfall:In the condition of landscape, the sensor network node mainly layout in the middle mountain of low-relief?high mountain of low-relief\middle mountain of mesorelief?high mountain of mesorelief; In the condition of slope and aspect, only considered slope factors. The layout density of the sensor network node is increasing from northwest to southeast. Because the rainfall is increasing with the increase of slope, the sensor network node has been sated the maximum grade; In vertical direction, the sensor network node layout in the altitude of 2650m when the altitude less-than 3650m in the northwest, otherwise the node layout in the high altitude. In the central area of the upper Min River Basin, the sensor network node layout in the regional of the high altitude. In the southeast area,the sensor network node layout in the altitude of 4238m when the altitude less-than 5162m, otherwise the node layout in high altitude area.(4) Though using GIS technology and considering the need of the short warning of debris flow, design the database architectural pattern of the short warning of debris flow, to ensure the data storage and process efficiently; Finally, based on the system by designed, combined with the actual situation, complete the partial function of the system though illustrated by the example of the QiPan groove of the upper Min River Basin. In the example application, using the critical water depth method, combined with getting data from "The investigation report of debris flow in the QiPan groove" and the analysis data though GIS, finish the calculation about the QiPan groove 114 with loose deposit reserves(124-7269m3)?the critical water depth(0.18-11m) and the critical rainfall(0-174mm). Finally, combining with fore-going research, finish the sensor network node layout and the correlated data storage, processing and management.