Research On Comprehensive Carrying Capacity Of The Arid Area In Central Ningxia

Regional carrying capacity is an important reflection of regional Man-land relationship, bearing capacity theory is an important approach to the quantitative research of regional Man-land relationship, and it is not only a foundation of sustainable development, but also one of the important criteria to measure the healthy development of the earth. The arid zone in central Ningxia is located in the transitional zone between the semi-arid Loess Plateau and the sandy area in the sandy region of China, it is a highly sensitive area of Ningxia ecological environment. Choosing Arid zone in central Ningxia as the research sample region, through the research of comprehensive carrying capacity in the area, to determine the regional population size of each area, which has important significance to guide counties and the towns’ population distribution, economic layout adapt to resource environment carrying capacity, to promote population, economy, resource and environment spatial matching, and to achieve regional sustainable development.Based on summarizing a large number of research results from domestic and foreign, using the method of combining quantitative and qualitative analysis, from both generous with resources and ecological to research the comprehensive bearing capacity of the core region in the area. First of all, using the method of relative resources carrying capacity to measure the resources bearing capacity in the study area counties and township, and divide type of bearing capacity in the villages on this basis; Secondly, using the ecological footprint method based on "province ha" to measure the ecological population bearing capacity of the counties and towns in study area, and to divide type of bearing capacity in villages; Finally, using the weighted summation method to combine resource population carrying capacity and ecological population bearing capacity, and measure comprehensive bearing capacity of various counties and township, analysis its influencing factors, qualitative analysis was carried out on the comprehensive bearing capacity. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) From each resource bearing capacity point of view, Relative resources bearing capacity of counties in the study area show that:the relative bearing capacity of cultivated land resources> relative economic resources bearing capacity> relative water resources bearing capacity, cultivated land resources are rich, bearing capacity of relative economic resources and bearing capacity of relative water resources are seriously insufficient, the water resources is short population bearing capacity in study area, and is a limiting factor for regional development.(2) All kinds of biological productive land area basic balance between supply and demand in each county, but the constituting of ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity is uncoordinated. The ecological carrying capacity are made up mainly cultivated land in the three counties, which has appeared ecological deficit, and other biological productive land’s contribution to the ecological carrying capacity is very small in the case of maintaining a basic balance between supply and demand, it will arise the ecological deficit after deducting 12% area of the biological diversity protection.(3) From the comparative of resource carrying capacity and ecological carrying capacity point of view, the ecological bearing capacity in Yanchi County is much larger than that resource carrying capacity, in the other three counties, the ecological bearing capacity is less than the resources carrying capacity.(4) Comprehensive bearing capacity of relative resources in each county mainly shows Tongxin and Haiyuan are in a state of overload, Yanchi and Hongsibu are in the balance state. And each county’s ecological carrying capacity and comprehensive bearing capacity are characterized by the existing surplus, Hongsibu, Tongxin and Haiyuan are in different degree of overload condition.(5) The carrying capacity of villages and towns is a large proportion of the rural area which is rich in the resource carrying capacity and the overload condition, the proportion of the rural area in the state of overload and balance in ecological bearing capacity is larger, the proportion of the rural area in the state of overload and balance in the comprehensive bearing capacity is larger.(6) Through researching the resources, ecological and comprehensive carrying capacity in study area, it can be found that there are many factors affect comprehensive bearing capacity, including geographical position, natural resources and ecological environment, the change of the population, the level of economic development, the change of the level of science and technology, and determine the per capita consumption in the process of evaluating the comprehensive standard and the different carrying goal, the changing of these factors will affect the comprehensive bearing capacity.