The Impact Of Ocean Exploitation On The Ecological Carrying Capacity Of Fishery Resources In The Haizhou Bay

As an ocean power,marine economy is playing an important role in the economic and social development in China,and marine fishery resources also have become the strategic resources to maintain the economic and social health in the future.With the rapid development of marine economy,ocean exploitation have a great impact on the fishery resources,but the phenomena of overloading is relatively common,which caused the decreased function of the sustainable regeneration of fishery resources.How much of the existing marine living resources can bear the pressure of marine development has become an important issue for the sustainable development of marine economy,the marine ecological carrying capacity which can quantify the tolerance limit has important theoretical value and practical significance to the sustainable development of economy and society.In view of this background,relying on the theory of sustainable development,carrying capacity hierarchy and system,and combing the research progress of the ecological carrying capacity at home and abroad,and the general situation of the natural environment,social economy and Fishery Ecology in Haizhou Bay,and then built the theoretical framework of carrying capacity of fishery resources.The major contents and results of the research are as follows:(1)Simulation of marine ecological footprint in Haizhou Bay.The impact of fishing activities on the carrying capacity of biological resources in the Haizhou Bay.A model of the marine ecological footprint was employed in order to calculate the ecological footprint of Haizhou Bay from 2006 to 2015 and investigate the ecological status of fishery industry in Haizhou Bay.The system dynamics model of the marine ecological footprint of fishery industry was established using a dynamic nutrit io n model and marine ecological footprint analysis.It is feasible to verify the model by way of historical fisheries data from 2006 to 2015,and this model also simulated the ecosystem development of Haizhou Bay from 2006 to 2022 under different fishing intensities.The simulation results showed that from 2006 to 2015,the marine ecologica l footprint of Haizhou Bay has increased from 1.8251×106 hm2 to 1.9301×106 hm2,with a mean value of 1.8491×106 hm2,This means that development in Jiangsu coastal waters has been at an unsustainable level according to the model simulation analysis;and assuming that if the fishing intensity strengthen furtherly,the marine ecological footprint will decrease sharply,and eventually to a zero value.The more faster of footprint,and the shorter of the time of tending to a zero value with increasing development.Based on the calculation of threshold catch,we need to reduce the fishing intensity by 50%,from now forward,to al ow the fishery biomass to bounce back with smooth reductions in the ecological deficit,which might prevent a collapse in the fishery ecosystem.The research results can be applied to the early warning of the ecological effect in Haizhou Bay,to prevent the collapsing situation of fisheries ecosystems.(2)The impact of sea reclamation on biological carrying capacity of fishery resources in Haizhou Bay.In order to quantify the cumulative changes of reclamation on the carrying capacity of biological resources in Haizhou Bay,based on the theories and methodology of the ecological footprint(EF),this dissertation makes a macro evaluation of the cumula t ive ecological impact of reclamation activities according to the ecological footprint method,which provide reference for the health of the Haizhou Bay reclamation project in the field of ecological environment protection.The results showed that the ecosystem carrying capacity in Haizhou Bay has gradually decreased,which is higher than the ecologica l carrying capacity of 0.2319×106 hm2,by approximately 8 times as much.Then the ecological deficits of Haizhou Bay increased from-1.5928 hm2 in 2006 to-1.6990 hm2 in 2015,.The sea reclamations have further expanded the ecological deficit,which increased the degree of sustainable utilization of biological resources in Haizhou Bay.(3)Comprehensive evaluation of ecological carrying capacity in Haizhou Bay.Several evaluation indices,such as total marine fishing,bay area after reclamatio n,resident population density,per capita GDP,Engel coefficient,total output value of fishery and fishing labor were employed to carry out a quantitative evaluation on the dynamic changes of the carrying capacity of biological resources on the marine development activities in Haizhou Bay in the year of 2006 to 2014.The results showed that the comprehensive evaluation value of ecological carrying capacity in Haizhou Bay was significantly higher than that of V3 and V1 in the membership of V2 without some years,which showed that the marine development activities in Haizhou Bay were in the critical range of suitable load,and the development potential is relatively smal.The comprehensive scores were lower than 0.5,and the evaluation results of V1 membership is greater than that of the membership V3,indicating that the ecological carrying capacity of Haizhou Bay was not optimistic.Although the comprehensive score of ecologica l carrying capacity in Haizhou Bay was increased,the membership of V1 was more than V2,which show that the carrying capacity of Haizhou Bay in recent years have arosed the public concerns,and the contradiction between supply and demand of fishery resources should also been received attention.In conclusion,ocean exploitation have a great impact on the ecological carrying capacity,which have further expanded the degree with more activities.This model will help to compensate for the lack of the related research,and provide a useful reference for al eviating the contradiction between the exploitation of Haizhou Bay and the utiliza t io n of marine biological resources and realizing the sustainable development of ecology,resources and social economy.