Research On Urban Competitiveness Of QinHuangDao

In a new era of global competition,it becomes more frequently for countries and enterprises to communication and cooperation. International capital flows rapidly and multinational companies’ business increase largely, which makes the role of the country falling in the macro economy level, while cities become the important role to adapt to the global market more flexibly and quickly. With the status of cities improved, the number of cities is increasing, the scale is expanding, the function is gradually becoming internationalized. So, whether the city can develop healthy or not, it related to a nation’s rise or decline.21th century is the urban century, the competitive power of a city is normally made up of a city’s comprehensive economic strength, government management, innovation capability and development environment,etc. Attaching and promoting urban competitiveness, becoming the focal study of each country and region, it is the key to effective advancing urbanization and promoting the living standard and environment of urban residents.Qinhuangdao, as one of the first of coastal cities open to the outside world in China, has rich marine resources and favorable policies. Since China’s reform and opening up, Qinhuangdao keep its own economy running smoothly. But compared with the coastal cities of Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and Bohai Rim, the overall level of Qinhuangdao still have very great disparity. With the speeding up of Bohai economic circle and the development of integration in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Qinhuangdao faces both good opportunities and challenges in its development. How to grasp the opportunity and meet the challenge is an urgent topic that the top manager of the government have to answer. What effective development strategies should be made to improve Qinhuangdao’s competitiveness or improve the lives of its residents is also an important and pressing issue.Firstly, the article summarizes the main research results about urban competitiveness of both domestic and foreign scholars. On the basis of full understanding of competition, competitiveness and national competitiveness, combing the features of urban development, this paper defines the connotation, characteristics and influencing factors of urban competitiveness. Secondly, based on the principles of scientific nature, reality,stability and dynamics, this part build the Index System of urban competitiveness of Qinhuangdao, including eight factors, such as comprehensive economic strength, financial ability, enterprise competitiveness, the ability of government’s regulation and control, infrastructure and service facilities, science and technology, foreign opening degree and urban ecological environment. According to the principle of comparability, the article selects six cities in Bohai sea surrounding economic circle, including Tangshan, Cangzhou, Dalian, Jinzhou, Qindao and Yantai, compared to Qinhuangdao. The article strive to analyze the data more comprehensive, more scientific and reasonable by choosing fuzzy Borda evaluation method. Then, the article applies analysis and comparison analysis in analyzing and researching the seven cities in Bohai Rim, particularly Qinhuangdao. It uses factor analysis, gray correlation method and BP neural network to compare six cities’ comprehensive competitiveness with Qinhuangdao’s urban competitiveness separately and make concrete analysis of eight elements which impact the urban competitiveness largely by using factors analysis. So we can get three different results of urban competitiveness evaluation and perform a consistency check using the Kendall coefficients. We find those three different results is consistent, so we can use the fuzzy Borda evaluation method to analyze the data collected. And we calculate the final fuzzy Borda values of urban competitiveness and rank seven cities based on those values. We can know specific ranking results about different elements through factors analysis of eight elements which influence urban competitiveness. We can also get scores and rankings of urban comprehensive competitiveness about these seven cities through three different evaluation methods and the combination method. In this paper, it tries to make a more detailed, comprehensive analysis and summary to the empirical findings. Combined with current political, economic situation and the conclusions, the article summarizes the advantages and disadvantages, opportunities and threats of Qinhuangdao. Lastly, according to the results and conclusions, the article present some suggestions to promote Qinhuangdao’s urban competitiveness.The appraisal results show that the ranking of urban competitiveness of seven cities is:Dalian, Qindao, Qinhuangdao, Yantai, Tangshan, Cangzhou, Jinzhou. Qinhuangdao is always ranked third in three kinds of single evaluation method and the combination evaluation method. It not only shows that its urban competitiveness is higer than some cities, also explains eight affecting factors of Qinhuangdao is in a higher level. But we can find that Qinhuangdao still has large gap with Dalian and Qingdao, sometimes even lower than the average level of seven cities, particularly in financial ability, government regulation, science and technology and foreign opening degree.There are two aspects in innovation about this article. One, I construct Bohai Rim urban competitiveness appraisal index system which including comprehensive economic strength, financial ability, enterprise competitiveness, the ability of government’s regulation and control, infrastructure and service facilities, science and technology, foreign opening degree and urban ecological environment. The other, the fuzzy synthesis appraisal law is more comprehensive, scientific and reasonable. I separately appraise urban competitiveness of Bohai Rim by using factors analysis, gray connection analytic method, the BP neural network. Then I use the fuzzy Borda method combined three results and get final ranking or scores, which make the results more scientific.