TheSustainable Study Of Chinese Crop Production System Based On Emery

It is always the main task for china to build a well-off society and develop the national economy. As the core component of China’s agriculture, crop production primarily provides material basis for human survival and economic development, such as rice, wheat, corn, rapeseed, sugarcane, cotton and so on. So it is very important to develop crop production to ensure better survival of people and economic development. With the accelerating economic development, the growing population and the decreasing arable land,the deterioration of environment derived from superabundant industrial inputs such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides, mulching film, crop mechanization and so on, have brought about huge challenges for Chinese crop production system. The goal of this study was to research the sustainability of the whole Chinese crop production systems using emergy analysisexcept Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan from 2000-201O.The conclusions are summarized as follows:(l)As for the input-output structure, the input of free natural resources to the system did not change significantly and remained at around 5.44×1023sej/yr during 2000-2010; purchased renewable resources hada downward trend due to the decreasing number of labor; purchasednon-renewable resources increased rapidly to 1.76×1024sej/yr in 2010 from 1.37×1024sej/yr in 2000; the total output of crop production maintained an increasing trend; emissions’ impact caused by direct discharge of pollutants from farming systems had an decreasing trend due to gradual improvement structure of fertilization. Conversely, potential emissions’ impactfrom indirect discharge of pollutants rose with the increase of purchased non-renewable resource input.(2)due to the simultaneous increase of emergy yield ratio and environmental loading ratio, the sustainability of Chinese crop production system took on flight fluctuations during 2000-2010. When ignoring emissions’ impact, the average value of environment environmental sustainability index is 1.02 during the total study period, which means Chinese crop production system is sustainable in the middle term period. However, whenconsidering emissions’impact, the average value of environment environmental sustainability index is only 0.54 during the total study period, which means Chinese crop production system is unsustainable in the middle term period.(3)Although the potential impact of direct emissions was decreasing due to the reduced emissions of total nitrogen and total phosphorus, ecological services required for diluting emissions reached about 1.32×1024sej/yr, which was much higher than the total natural resources input to the system. Indirect emissions climedwith the increase of industrial investment, and they brought about increasing potential impact on the environment and human economic systems too.Based on the above results, the following policy implications are put forward.Firstly, China’s government should further raise the efficiency of fertilizer. China’s government should strive to carry out soil testing and formulated fertilization, Agricultural science and technology training, etc, so as to raise the efficiency of fertilizer and reduce the discharge of nutrients to environment.Secondary, the share of organic fertilizer should be raised. China’s government should promote the use of organic fertilizer, such as governmental subsidy for use of organic fertilizer and straw returning to field, etc.Thirdly, China’s government should promote agricultural film recycling and reuse. One hand, the quality standard should be raised so as to be convenient for recycling. On the other hand, the governmental subsidy for film recycling and use should be implemented so as to raise the enthusiasm of farmers.Fourthly, China’s government should promote applyingpesticiderationally. One hand, the governmental departments at all levels should strengthen train farmers so as to promote apply pesticide scientifically. On the other hand, the relevant governmental departments should push forward the research and development ofthe risk-benefitratio, lowresidueandselectivepesticides.Finally, China’s government should enhance the comparative returns of crop planting system. Although a serial of policies and measures have been implemented in recent ten years, the loss of agricultural labor force and desolated arable land are still serious issues in China’s rural areas. The underlying reason lies in the too low comparative return compared to other industries. Therefore, it is still a huge challenge for China’s government to further strengthen the comparative return of crop production system in future.