Research On Iron And Steel Enterprises Technical Innovation Ability Evolution Characteristics And Development Trends

The iron and steel industry as the basic industry of national economy in China, is an important indicator of a country’s economic development level and the overall national strength. With the rapid development of industrial economy, China has become the world’s biggest steel-producing, importing and consuming country, and formed a group large-scale iron and steel enterprise with strong strength, which can compete with foreign. But the technical equipment level of iron and steel industry in China still has a large gap compared with foreign, the backward technology equipment of steel industry, high cost and low R&D,weak independent innovation foundation, lacking high level leading talent, many products with high added value and key species of steel still rely on imports. The iron and steel industry “Twelve-Five” development plan clearly states that the independent innovation as an important support for the sustainable development of the steel industry, promoting the technical innovation of steel enterprises, improving the independent innovation ability of iron and steel industry, has become an important strategy to promote China’s steel industry competitiveness and sustainable development in the new period.Based on the qualitative analysis the current development of iron and steel industry technical innovation in China, and understand the enterprise technical innovation theory,selecting 20 large and medium-sized iron and steel listed companies as the empirical object range from 1998 to 2013, building the technical innovation ability index system of iron and steel company, and confirming weight, using the comprehensive index method to preliminary evaluation for the iron and steel enterprises technical innovation ability, and obtain the composite index of iron and steel enterprises technical innovation. Select the1998, 2001, 2004, 2007, 2010, 2013 as the argument point, and apply Kernel density estimation to analysis the evolution of composite index of iron and steel enterprises technical innovation. Results show that the iron and steel enterprises technical innovation ability remains the growth trend on the overall, but different enterprises innovation development degree and speed have differences, the Kernel density distribution of iron and steel enterprise technical innovation ability present “ unimodal → bimodal → unimodal ”evolution, and it is connected with the ferrous metal resources and economic developmentlevel; The composite index of iron and steel enterprises technical innovation can be divided into 4 kinds of disjoint state space: weaker, weak, general and high, calculating the transition probability matrix and the stationary distribution of long-term equilibrium, and analyzing the spatial transfer characteristics of iron and steel enterprise technology innovation ability. Results showed that, in the long process of evolution, iron and steel enterprises technical innovation ability remain scattered in the 4 kinds of state space, state can transfer from low level to high level, but the difference don’t disappear, iron and steel enterprises difficult to achieve the balanced development of technical innovation level.Final, according to the space-time features and the development trend analysis results by Kernel density estimated and Markov chains, combined with the problems in innovation subject, technical equipment level, R&D inputs, innovation talent introduction and training,innovation environment and so on about iron and steel enterprises technical innovation in China, it built an effective path of iron and steel enterprises technical innovation ability in China from the reasonable system support, enterprises as the innovation subject, the government investment in R&D, high innovation talent introduction, and intellectual property protection and management etc.