The Theoretical Analysis Of Carbon Assets Evaluation Under The Background Of Environmental Finance

With people’s increasing concern for environmental problems and the exploration of energy saving and emission reduction, environmental finance is gradually becoming a hot topic, and related economic activities and markets are also gradually taking shape. Yet the existing evaluation theory fails to have a clear definition of carbon assets’ property and classification, as a result, carbon assets evaluation theory and practice have particular importance. My paper believes that, first of all, carbon emission right is a kind of asset. And all kinds of assets can comply with the three traditional thought pattern in assets evaluation field for initial analysis. Secondly, carbon asset is a kind of special asset with properties that intangible assets have as well as the characteristics that financial assets have. Besides, it also has many financial derivative products. Moreover, from the perspective of accounting, carbon emission right is the fruit of capitalization of energy saving and emission reduction fee. At the same time, it is also the product of the internalization of environmental pollution external problems by the government through market methods. Therefore, its price fluctuation is also under the influence of the government. As a result, when the value evaluation of carbon assets is in progress, a more rational method should be sought to evaluate the value of carbon emission rights with the consideration of the multi-property of carbon emission and the factors affecting its price combining the ultimate utility of carbon capital. Through comprehensive research and analysis, this article thinks that carbon assets’ property definition and accounting recognition are of great importance and carbon assets should be independently listed and classified, namely, a new accounting title should be set up-carbon assets. And more specific accounting titles should be further divided according to the classification of carbon transaction market, the motive of the holding enterprises. On the basis of previous researches and the redefinition of the property of carbon emission as a commodity, from the perspective of accounting recognition of carbon assets, with the theoretical support of environmental resource value theory, Coase Theorem, Pigovian Tax and other basic laws of economics, taking the example of the initial distribution pricing of carbon assets as an example, this article has done a positive research of evaluation theory thought pattern of carbon emission value.