| The ocean, accounting for nearly three-quarters of the earth’s surface, owns more abundant resources than land, and they have not yet been fully taken advantage of. As all the countries around the world come to realize the huge potential of the ocean, the reasonable exploitation and utilization of marine resources have become an important way to solve the problems of global resources shortage, population expansion and environmental degradation and so on. Since the start of the open-door policy, the coastal areas of China have made remarkable achievements in economic and social development, relying on great location advantages and abundant marine resources. However, with the increasing of Marine development activity, the economic developments of coastal areas have lost its balance gradually. Further, various problems and contradictions between regions and industries in the development of Marine economy is increasing so that the resource allocation has become the biggest challenge to the sustainable development of marine economy.For the Bohai Sea rim area, at the same time of developing rapidly, marine economy began to appear the problems of unbalanced regional development, the contradiction in sea and land systems, unreasonable resource utilization, ecological deterioration, redundant construction and so on. Therefore, the assessment of land-sea coordination and reasonable and scientific distribution of marine industries will become the key to break through the bottleneck of coastal economic development in the whole area.In this paper, firstly, lots of literatures on land-sea coordination and marine industry distribution are compiled. The latest research progress of related fields at home and abroad is analyzed, and some reviews are given separately on the assessment of land-sea coordination and the selection methods of leading industry.Secondly, based on the panel data on 17 coastal cities and 129 counties(municipal districts) in the Bohai Sea rim area, this paper measured the land-sea coordination degree of every city by using the methods of AHP-CRITIC and D-S evidence theory and analyzed the spatial-temporal differences by using the methods of kernel density estimation and two-dimensional coordinate analysis. Further, the spatial spillover effects of coastal county economy were measured with the space Durbin econometric model to discusses whether the coastal location and economic activities have beneficial effects on the whole area; After that, this paper measured every marine industry development structure foundation of the 17 coastal cities by combining the subject and object weight sets with D-S evidence theory, and evaluated the comparative advantage of every marine industrial foundation by the NRCA model to make scientific planning and overall arrangement for the distribution of leading marine industry in every city.Thirdly, the results show that, 1) In the evaluation of land-sea coordination, the coordination situation of the whole area improved year by year in time. And in space, Tianjin and Dalian were classified as type of land leading forward & medium coordinated degree. Yantai was classified as type of sea leading forward & primary coordinated degree. Qingdao, Dongying, Weihai, Tangshan and Panjin were classified as type of land leading forward & primary coordinated degree. Other cities were classified as type of sea lagging behind & narrow coordinated degree.2) The presence of significant economic spatial autocorrelation in the Bohai rim region has been verified. Further, economic spatial spillover effects exist in this region. “Distance from the coast†exerts a significant negative impact on the local GDP per capita but a significant positive impact on the GDP per capita of other districts. This means the economic development of coastal counties does not benefit the whole regions. “Value of exports†exerts a significantly positive influence on the local economy and no significant influence on other counties, while “foreign direct investment†exerts a significantly positive influence on the local economy and a significantly negative influence on other counties. “Number of employees in units†exerts a significantly positive influence on the local economy and a significantly negative influence on the other counties. The factors “primary industry’s share in GDP†and “tertiary industry’s share in GDP†influence the local economy positively, but the former exerts no significant influence on other counties and the latter exerts a negative influence on other counties. “Rate of fixed asset investment†influences the local economy negatively and has no significant effect on other counties. “Total retail sales of social consumer goods†has no significant influence on the local economy but a positive significant influence on the others.3) According to the evaluation results from marine industry development foundations of the coastal cities, the difference and imbalance are significant. Individual cities with better marine economy activities get higher scores on most of industries, but the other cities almost get no high marks on every industrial foundation and do not well in the rankings. This kind of situation objectively reflects the present status of marine industry development imbalances in this area. The marine industries with comparative advantage, therefore, should find out to support in the cities, in order to realize the goals of balanced and sustainable development of regional marine economy and rational allocation of marine resources.Finally, based on the results, some suggestions are put in for the implementation of the strategy about land-sea coordination in Bohai rim region. With referring to national and local marine economy planning policy and combining with actual situation, a comprehensive, reasonable and scientific distribution was done. It is significant for enriching land-sea coordination evaluation theory and guiding marine industry distribution practice. |
