The Evaluation Of Cultivated Land Quality In Zhaoyuan County

Cultivated land is the essence part of land and resources, keep the important resources for the sustainable development of society and economy, rational utilization and effective protection of cultivated land resource is the important means to solve the problem of food security. With national economic growth, increasing the number and quality requirements for food, and food security is not optimistic, land quality directly affect the quality and quantity of food, so the stability of regional cultivated land quantity, to ensure that the regional agricultural food production task is very difficult. In recent years, with the development of economy, the people in the process of land resources development and utilization in, Zhaoyuan County of Heilongjiang Province, the drought climate, soil erosion, soil desertification, soil salinization, the wetland area decrease, shrinking lakes and a series of water and soil resources, quality problems, had a great effect on the development of agriculture and food security. To meet the objective demand of food population, the rich farmland quality evaluation in the study area in order to realize the reasonable arrangement of the space suit one’s measures to local conditions of agricultural production, and in the delimitation of basic farmland, and government land planning, and land management to provide basis for decision making is of great practical significance.This study to research dynamic of cultivated land quality evaluation at home and abroad is reviewed, the research achievements and shortcomings of generalizations. This article selects the Zhao Yuan of Heilongjiang province as the research area, on the basis of the extensive data collection evaluation area, from the natural quality of the cultivated land, location conditions, spatial form and spatial distribution of water resources construction of cultivated land quality evaluation index system. Using the analytic hierarchy process to determine the index weight.The study of soil by using GPS data to spatial orientation field sample points according to every 2 km2 a point of density uniform standard grid points, for a total of 1030 surface soil sample, according to the requirements of ecological and geochemical evaluation samples for laboratory analysis, principal component analysis was carried out on the soil samples by Spas software, obtain comprehensive soil fertility; Land use cover data based on ARCGIS and ENVI remote sensing image processing software of geographic information system software as the platform, the Spot5 images based remote sensing image geometric correction and registration process, enhancing, and according to the standard to determine two adjustable Zhao Yuan land use cover type, artificial visual interpretation, through field investigation to obtain land use cover Zhao Yuan data(farmland chart spot 30501);Using surface water resources distribution, Zhao Yuan on the map scanning, vector etc, for water distribution pattern, Zhao Yuan strong rich water, moderately rich water and weak rich water area, rich and poor, watershed. Using Arc GIS software function superposition analysis of space, obtain comprehensive evaluation on the quality of water and soil resources. Using natural breakpoint method could be divided into five grades: A land area accounts for 48.79% of total area of cultivated land, the distribution of the concentration and the share of most; the two level of cultivated land area accounts for 10.80% of total area of cultivated land, scattered distribution and quantity is not much; the three level of cultivated land area accounts for 20.99% of total area of cultivated land, a cultivated land are concentrated in the central and the possession of the more; the four level of cultivated land area accounts for 5.52% of total area of cultivated land, four level of arable land accounted for the least and scattered distribution; the five level of cultivated land area accounts for 13.90% of total area of cultivated land, located in the western part of Zhaoyuan County. Zhao Yuan cultivated land comprehensive quality overall is good, Zhao Yuan comprehensive quality assessment score increased gradually from east to west, namely high in the west and low in the east.