Analysis Of Farmers’ Income Difference In Sichuan Province

Before China’s adoption of reform and opening up, the income difference among farmers was relatively small. With the deepening reform of the economic system and the implementation of the disequilibrium strategy, the economic development difference between different regions keeps widening. To resolve the “three rural issues” and to improve the income of farmers are of vital significance to promote social fairness and maintain social stability. Base on that, traditional quantitative statistical methods, including range, standard deviation and coefficient of variation are adopted to analyze the sequential variation of the income of farmers in Sichuan during 1993~2012, the income difference of rural and urban residents during 1995~2012, the provincial and interprovincial income difference of farmers and other characteristics. 2004, 2008 and 2012 are chosen as three time nodes. Based on the income data of farmers in 181 districts(counties and cities), this paper uses Arc GIS 10.0 and Geo Da 095 i to conduct trend analysis, grading, overall autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation analysis of the income and income structure of farmers in the county areas of Sichuan Province. Targeted at the income statistical data of farmers in the county areas of Sichuan Province in 2012, the multivariate regression model based on the factor analysis and the SPSS software are employed to conduct an in-depth study of the factors resulting in the income difference of farmers in Sichuan. Below are the conclusions of this research:(1) During 1993~2012, the actual growth rate of farmers in Sichuan Province was 7.72%, which suggested that the income level of farmers was growing slowly. In terms of the income difference of farmers in the economic zones, the income level of farmers in the Chendu Plain Economic Zone was the highest, and its absolute and relative difference was also the greatest. Besides, the relative income difference of farmers among economic areas was narrowing. In terms of the income level and growth rate variation of farmers in cities, the income level of farmers in Chengdu and Panzhihua was relatively high. Moreover, Chengdu is a representative of high-level and fast-growing farmers’ income areas.(2) In terms of the overall spatial distribution characteristics, farmers’ income in Sichuan Province formed a layer structure, which decreased from the main urban area of Chengdu to its surrounding, and showed obvious spatial agglomeration characteristics. In terms of partial characteristics, the income level of farmers in Chengdu Plain Economic Zone and South Sichuan Economic Zone was high. In particular, Chengdu, became the hotspot area of farmers’ income level. However, the income level in Sichuan Northwest Plateau and the Northeast Economic Zone was low. In particular, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Aba Prefecture and Liangshan Prefecture were the coldspot area of farmers’ income level.(3) In terms of the spatial correlation of farmers’ income structure, salary income showed the most obvious spatial agglomeration characteristics, followed by property income, household operation income and household transfer income. Chengdu and Panzhihua were the hotspot area of farmers’ salary income and property income; while the suburbs of Chengdu and the southern part of Liangshan Prefecture were the hotspot area of farmers’ household operation income. The variation in the hotspot area of farmers’ household transfer income was the most significant. In 2004 and 2012, the hotpot area of farmers’ household transfer income was distributed in the periphery of the main urban area of Chengdu in 2004 and 2012, and in Aba Prefecture, Deyang City and Mianyang City in 2008. Western Sichuan Plateau was the coldspot area of farmers’ salary income, household operation income, property income and household transfer income.(4) By comparing the income difference between urban and rural residents in the economic zones, it is found the income difference between urban and rural residents was the greatest in the Northeast Sichuan Economic Zone. By comparing the income difference between urban and rural residents in cities, prefectures and counties, it is found the income difference between urban and rural residents was the greatest among counties. By comparing the income difference of farmers in different provinces, it is found that farmers’ income level in Sichuan was smaller than the average level and that of Zhejiang Province, but was larger than that of Guizhou Province.(5) The farmers’ income was higher in the county area characterized by flat terrain, mild climate, rich resources, good agricultural foundation and convenient transportation. The factor analysis and the multivariate regression analysis suggested that the urbanization rate, the GDP per capita and the total retain income of the private operated added value per capita, the social consumer goods per capita are positively related to the farmers’ income. The output value of the primary industry is negatively related to the farmers’ income.Based on the above conclusions, this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.