A Observation On Land Enter The Market Since The Reform

The most significant feature of the socialist system of publicestablishment is ownership of production, under the planned economy and collective ownership of land owned by the state, there is no trading in the market.With the deepening of the reform and urban development, land as an important element of a production began to enter the market since the reform. In the end of the last century, the rapid growth of Chinese economy was driven by real estate with the opportunity of the land enter the market.The process of land enter the market made a great contribution to the economy, but it also broughta series of social problems,such as land finance, corruption, high prices of house,demolition and so on.Firstly, the article makes observations of the time of point in the history of the land enter the market, Shenzhen Special Economic Zone was established by way that the government leased the land. Since the reform, landpolicy, housing reform and resettlement policy have been transformed from theplanned economy to the market economy, the evolution of the course.Among them,the land transfer pattern switched from the mode of free allocation and "Strike Price" to the mode of "tender", "listing", " Transformation auction "; The housing policy reformswitched from providing free housesunder the state and corporation’s traditional housing system to the purchase commercial housing, and it promoted the rapid development of the real estate industry; On the demolition policy,the government dominated the demolition and resettlement before the year of 1998, real estate developers were involved in the relocation and compensation from 1998 to 2011.The government has become the only leading of demolition after the new "levy ordinance" launched in 2011, relocation and compensation purchasing gradually become more standardied. This article analyzes the evolution of these policies ofland entry the market and givesexplanations to the related problems which combined with land related cases.Through analysis, we draw the following conclusions and thinking: First, before and after the land enter the market, land relationship switched from the individual and the collective state to market, state and residents; second, make land policy based on the local conditions. Choosing which kind of system to regulate the natural’s land should be based on the history, relatively reasonable relationship and logical. It should adapt to the institutional evolution, population, resources and the level of economic development and technology. Thecooperative’s form of the early days of our country may be also applicablein some poor rural areas; In order to the developthe modern industry and the construction of new urbanization,on the one hand we need the intense usage of land, on the other hand state power should master the necessary rational allocation of land resources properly. Third, the state and market can not put the owners of the housing into the market completely as commodity markets due to the pursuit of profit or it will destroy people’s livelihood.The famous anthropologist Carl Polanyi opined the self-regulating market which tries to achieve commercialization of land, labor and money will bring a huge disaster.