The Social Problems Brought By The Transfer Of Rural Labor Force In Shandong Province And The Policy Suggestion

Since the reform and opening up, China has undergone an ever acceleration in industrialization and urbanization process, a large number of rural labor force have rushed into urban areas, especially in the past decade. With the rapid development of economy, there comes a phenomenon that the labor force become a short resource in some developed areas. For the sake of increasing the income, plenty of rural labor join the city and it has been noticed as a trend that the transfer is speeding up which brings a lot of problems to the social economy of rural places, meanwhile it leads to some negative impact on the development of the city.This essay is divided into three sections with six chapters based on the thinking of bringing up the questions, analyzing them and solving them.The first section, which is also the first chapter, is the introduction which introduces the study background and significance, defines related concepts and summarizes the research literature at home and abroad, additionally it points out the study contents, methods and innovative points. The second section which is the main part of this article includes chapter 2, 3, 4 and 5. Chapter 2, the current situation and characteristics of rural labor transfer in Shandong province, focus on the current situation of rural labor transfer in Shandong Province in 2013, given the consideration of the trend in recent years, it summarizes the characteristics of rural labor transfer in Shandong province which are: the flow is in a large scale, transfer mainly remains inside of the province and it’s selectively, their targets are diversified and the transfer is temporary without effective protection in regarding their legitimate rights and interests. The third chapter, the social problems brought up by the transfer of rural labor force and its cause along with analysis, mostly analyzes the problems in rural areas and cities resulted from the massive transfer of rural labor force such as the education problem, left-behind children problem, elderly with no child and elderly’s agriculture problem. The causes of above problems are multifaceted, mainly include: limitation of the land system; big gap of income between urban and rural places; imperfection of social security system in rural areas; incomplete of employment policy and household registration system and insufficience of rural investment; limited acceptive ability of the city, etc.. The fourth chapter is titled with the experience and reference of the transfer of rural labor force in developed countries. It discribes the situation of rural labor tranfer in United States, Japan and Britain, analyzes experience of same issue in China and uses for reference. Out of the experience of developed countries, we can tell that firstly, we have to pay more attention to agricultural growth, especially its modernizing development so that the rural work forces will be free; secondly, improve the quality of rural power with the purpose of enhancing the development of rural economy; thirdly, policy’s support are strongely needed which include the land policy, the transfer of population policy and urban modernization policy.The fifth chapter talks about the advices of improving the transfer of rural labor force policy in Shandong province. In order to promote the sustainable development of social economy, motivate the construction of new socialist countryside, this essay taken the social problems brought up by the transfer of rural labor force as the key point with the combination of existence of social problems and causes mentioned in Chapter 3, puts forward specific measures to solve the problems. From the macro policy point of view: firstly, the reform and innovation of the household registration system lie in cancelling the privilege that attached to the household registration; secondly, improve the integration of urban and rural pension insurance, ensure all citizens are under equal social security system so that the workers can fairly enjoy the benefits of social development; thirdly, accelerate the construction of land circulation system which will not only boost the scale and modernization of agricultural development, also enable the farmers who have the right of land contract to enjoy the benefits of land system; fourthly, perfect the reform of education system, raise the level of knowledge and skills, improve the human capital accumulation. From the perspects of local government policy, there are a few points demonstrated following:1 make the correct guideline to the rural labor force and avoid doing it blindly; 2 establish the fair and free employment system, ensure migrant workers’ legitimate rights and interests; 3 increase the investment to rural areas and agriculture, strengthen the construction of new socialist countryside, make sure agricultural products are safe, especially keep tight on food safety issue; 4 develop the secondary and tertiary industry actively in rural places, accelerate the adjustment of its industrial structure; 5 speed up the reform of low rent housing system, improve the living environment of migrant workers; 6 encourge migrant workers to start their own businesses, increase farmers’ income and develop rural economy. The third section which is the conclusion of this paper, summarizes and overwiews the full text and expresses further prospects accordingly.