| Various development zone, authorized to set up by the regulations of the state council since the reform and opening to the outside world, play an important role in stimulating the regional industrialization process, promoting the growth of regional economy, solving the difficult issue of employment, etc. However, the development zones also are confronted with difficult problems, such as the difficulty of keeping the spatial extension of the development zone within limit, irrational land utilization structure, low investment lever, environmental degradation, etc., which are jointly caused by the local interests, poor planning control, etc. The intensive utilization of land is not only an effective way to ease the contradiction between people and land, but an important guarantee of the sustainable development of the economy of our country. The evaluation of intensive land utilization can provide us a comprehensive and objective picture of the current status of the intensive land utilization, and a useful reference for rational plan of the land use and development strategy of the development zone. However, according to the former research on the intensive land utilization of development zone, scholars usually apply single model to evaluate the current situation of the land utilization of a specific development zone, rarely making a horizontal comparison between different types of development zones.Based on a comprehensive and systematic review of relevant research results at home and abroad, the paper summarizes the connotation of intensive land use in the development zone; the paper establishes evaluation index system in the aspects of land use, land use efficiency and management performance; then, six development zones in Chongqing have been taken as the research objects to evaluate the level of land intensive use and estimate the potential; a comparative analysis is conducted to analyze the evaluation results and the factors influencing the intensity differences are also analyzed. In the end, based on the classification and summarization of the problems in the six development zones, the paper has put forward some countermeasures and suggestions to promote intensive land use. The research conclusions are as follows:(1) The evaluation of Chongqing six intensive land use zones are at a high level overall. Among them, the Economic Development Zone in Chongqing has reached 96.11 in the comprehensive score of intensity with highest intensive land use level; the High-tech Industrial Development Zone in Chongqing has got 92.06 in the comprehensive score of intensity, ranking second in the intensive land use level. Zhengyang Industrial Park in Chongqing has obtained 87.10 in the comprehensive score of intensity and its intensive land use needs to be improved.The Economic Development Zone and the High-tech Industrial Development Zone have got higher comprehensive scores in the intensity, for they have been established earlier, developed for many years and have obtained higher input-output level; as national development zone, they also have benefitted from the national and municipal preferential policies; moreover, the two zones are located in the central area in Chongqing City, so they also benefit from location advantage.(2) There are differences between different types of development zones in the degree of intensive land use. In addition to the Bonded Port in Chongqing, the two national development zones in the central urban area have got the highest intensive land use, while the Jiangjin Industrial Park and Wanzhou Economic Development Zone rank second in the intensive land use and the Zhengyang Industrial Park ranks last in the intensive land use; Among the four national development zones, the three development zones which were established earlier have higher degree of intensive land use than the Chongqing Bonded Port established later. This is mainly due to the internal factors and external environment of these zones and related to the development sequence, the leading industry type, economic development level in the region, location and other factors.(3) Through conducting Grey Relational Analysis on the internal factors, the paper finds that the intensive land use in the six development zones in Chongqing has been greatly influenced by the realization rate of bidding, auction and listing, investment in land development and building density. It has reflected that the land use has been influenced by the land market opening, increase in land development investment and increase in land infrastructure construction. Therefore, the development zones in Chongqing should accelerate their transition from their reliance on investment and infrastructure construction to productivity improvement, transition in functional radiation level, reliance on technological innovation, element innovation and management innovation so as to realize the innovation-driven development in the development zones.(4) There is still large room for improvement in the land use level in each zone. In terms of the total volume and volume of different kinds of potential to be tapped, there are obvious differences among the six development zones. The potential for expansion (3244.76hm2) ranks first, followed by the strength potential (1440.31hm2) and the structure potential (68.11hm2). Wanzhou Economic Development zone has the greatest potential for expansion, while the Jiangjin Industrial Park has the greatest potential for structure and strength.(5) Under the influence of functional orientation, radiation capacity, industrial energy level and other factors, there is some differences in the intensive land use in the six development zones researched by the paper. Therefore, based on the regional resources and leading industry type, we should help the development zones to further tap the potential in intensive land use through differentiated intensive land use countermeasures and suggestions so as to improve the level of intensive land use in these development zones. |
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