A Research On Solutions For “the Exodus” Phenomenon In Labor-force-export-intensive Villages

Having undergone 30 years of evolution, a drift to the phenomenon of “The Exodus” has become seriously troubling in the labor-force-export-intensive villages in China, causing various problems for governance. These problems are manifold, including aspects such as economical foundation, social structure, political engagement, etc. An on-site survey of X Village has revealed the following impact of “The Exodus”. On the economical ground, “The Exodus” results in massive loss of resources including labor power, money and technique, which contribute to a desolate economy in the village; In terms of social structure, an imbalance in demographic composition is caused by unbalanced gender ratio, population aging and the lack of care for the children and the elderly. And it in turn affects social stability. As far as political engagement goes, “The Exodus” means a deficiency of managing talent in the village. It also discourages the remaining population to actively participate in democracy. Despite “The Exodus” various form of expression, lies in its core is the income discrepancy between participating in the primary sectors and in the second and the tertiary sectors, which is also the ultimate reasoning for the massive population export from the villages.Aiming at these problems of the village, the paper offers a proposal of carrying on the labor intensive enterprise, developing the polling of land, strengthening the input of the policy and public goods by government,according to thought of making overall consideration. At first, the labor intensive enterprise would attract a lot of female labor, which is good for adjusting the gender ratio of the village. The enterprise introduced is local in the village, and it is helpful to solve the problem of elderly and children lacking of accompany, and reduce the cost of working out. Secondly, considering the increase of the non-farm population, population,aging and the mood of “ abandoning farmer ” overall in the village, the crop engaged in agriculture will decrease less and less in the future. Developing the pooling of land is suit to this tide. Last,what is the most important is the supporting of the government. Because all the governance tactics above will not come true without the supporting of the government. If the government does not invest in the fields of the rural infrastructure, medical development and education, the village development will be hard only relying on their own production factors.