Reversed Strategy Generating Method For Solving Contradictory Problems

Strategy generation is the difficulty of scientific decision-making. The research on the theory and method of strategy generation will contribute to obtain the scientific and exact decision. The present research on strategy generation does not have a separate and detailed exploration to use reverse thinking to generate strategy, and reverse thinking is a creative thinking way of breaking normal procedure and seeking variation. It mainly thinks about problem consciously from opposite direction of conventional thinking or negative conclusion of conventional thinking, which is the opposite of positive thinking. Using single positive thinking in a long time easily forms fixed pattern thinking, which will impede the development of thinking, and even lead to the rigid of thinking. However, Reverse thinking can breaks through the conventional bound, and obtain the favorite strategies to beat all.The current studies of reverse thinking mainly focus on qualitative research with natural language. Meanwhile, when solving problems, researchers often propose many strategies or solutions, and study little about formation mechanism, building rules and methods of reverse strategies. Therefore, it is difficult for people to use formal tools to generate reverse strategies according to certain procedures.To solve these problems, this paper studies the following contents:(1) In order to formalize reverse thinking, on the basis of the smallest units:basic elements and extension transformation in Extenics, this paper proposes reverse elements: reverse matter element, reverse affair element, and reverse relation element, and reverse transformation. Meanwhile, combining reverse elements with reverse transformation, this paper constructs the formal model of reverse thinking.(2) In order to establish more accurate dependent function for contradictory problems which have two or more related evaluation characteristics, this paper improves the current two dimensions extension distance, and studies the construction method of two-dimensional elementary dependent function in three regional sets.(3) In order to generate reverse strategies according to certain procedures, this paper studies reversed strategy generating method for solving contradictory problems:to establish extension model of contradictory problems and find the key problem at first; and then to implement reverse transformations for conditions or goals to obtain reverse strategies; besides, to use the final effect of conductive transformations to evaluate the reverse strategies; finally, to select the satisfaction strategies.(4) In order to show the actual operation process and prove the values on the theory or methods, this paper carries relevant case analysis for each part. In a word, this paper hopes to establish the theory and application basis for reverse thinking intelligent processing and the development of the software about reverse strategies generating method.The innovation points of this paper:(1) From the smallest units of things, this paper studies reverse elements and the relevant reverse transformations, and constructs the formal model of reverse thinking, which makes up for the shortage of the formal research of reverse thinking.(2) This paper improves and expands the construction method of elementary dependent function, which provides a theoretical basis for establishing the more complete and more appropriate decision function of problems and evaluation function of strategies.(3) This paper firstly studies the reversed strategy generating method to solve contradictory problems, which lays a theoretical foundation for people to obtain strategies according to certain procedures, and makes up for the shortage of extension strategy generating method.This project is supported by the National Natural Science Fund Project "the method and system research of extension strategy generating system based on HowNet and Extenics (61273306)", and Guangdong Province Science and technology plan project "the promotion of extension innovation method (2012B061000012)".