Study On The Circulation Of Rural Land Contractual Management Right Of Liang Ping Village

With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization in China, plenty of rural population migrates to urban areas and non-agricultural industries, which cause labor shortage and idle land in many rural areas and lower agricultural management efficiency. Based on the stable policy of family-contract responsibility system, we should encourage peasants to reasonably convert the contractual operation right of rural land to solve these problems. According to the conversion, the idle separated land will be concentrated to implement large-scale operation to increase the management efficiency, which is an inevitable requirement of realizing agricultural modernization at this stage to ensure the effective supply of agricultural products and increase farmers’ income.The social and economic development in the rural area of Liangping County, Chongqing, has achieved demonstrable results; and Liangping County has been identified as the demonstration county of comprehensive supplementary reforms in urban and rural harmonious development of Chongqing, and Pilot County of nationwide reforming of rural land property system. The bold experiments and great efforts of Liangping County in land conversion have been a tremendous success. In2013, the land conversion rate of the whole county achieved49%. Along with the fast promotion of land conversion, the total value of agricultural output and per capita net income of the rural population in Liangping County are continually increasing, and the peasants have stepped into a well-off stage. Therefore, it is quite a model to study the land conversion in Liangping County.According to literature research method, combination of empirical analysis method and normative analysis, and qualitative analysis, this paper based on property right theory, the institutional change theory and land scale economy theory discusses the current situation and problems of land conversion in Liangping County, analyzes the causes of its rapid development of land conversion and makes comments on further sustainable development of the land conversion in Liangping County by summarizing the related data. Research shows that there are both macro-reasons and micro-reasons which cause the tremendous success of its land conversion. For the macro-reasons, the migration of rural labor with the changes of macro social and economic environment, the contractual right of land has been certificated, the implementing of dipiao transaction system, land conversion leading by model demonstration and the leading role of the government. For the micro-reasons, peasants are willing to participate in the land conversion and leading enterprise drives the scale operation of characteristic agriculture. However, there are inevitable problems occurred during the land conversion, like behavior anomie of the government, disputes, scale operational risks for the transferees, the "non-food" tendency, the lag of the rural social security system and the low incomes for the peasants after the conversion. In order to promote orderly land conversion and realize land scale operation, this paper points out we should make overall arrangements on regularization of government behaviors, sound dispute settlement mechanism, structuring risk assessment and guarding mechanism of land scale operation, perfection the food security system and rural social security system and increasing the peasants’ income of land conversion. That is the fundamental way of promoting the sustainable development of the land conversion in Liangping County.