The Empirical Research Of China’s Railway Transportation Efficiency

Transportation industry is important industry in the development of the national economy,while railway.as an important transport form cannot be ignored with significant contributionto the economic development. China’s railway development started late relative westerncountries, but with the development of recent decades, our country’s railway construction hasmade remarkable progress, improved the technology level constantly, operated the longesthigh-speed railway in the world. The railway transportation made an important contributionfor China’s socialist modernization construction and economic growth, but currently therailway’s passenger and cargo transportation is still difficult to meet the needs of the nationaleconomy’s development, and become a bottleneck restricted the development of the economy.The short of railway mileage, passenger and cargo capacity affect the growth of operationalperformance, and the proportion of rail transport market share declined in the transportationmarket. Compared with other countries, China’s railway road network density is not high andthe machine vans equipment load is too large, which will affect long-term development of therailway and improving efficiency. Therefore, analyze the efficiency of railway transport,found the factors affect the efficiency and propose measures to improve the efficiency, whichenhance railway transport market share and improve operational performance is veryimportant. This article use the super efficiency DEA and malmquist productivity indexmethod to research the efficiency of railway transportation, and analyze the efficiency of the18railway administrations changes during2005to2011year. establish super efficiency DEAmodel to analyze the real efficiency value of railway transportation, and compared with theCCR model; establish BCC model to analyze the static pure technical efficiency and scaleefficiency.of China’s railway transportation industry. Establish malmquist index model toanalyze the change of total factor productivity, and to grub the railway total factorproductivity growth came from the technical efficiency or technical progress. The paper selectbusiness mileage, the number of on-the-job worker and the net value of fixed assets as inputindex, and the output index select freight turnover, passenger turnover and transport income.The empirical results show that the composite average efficiency of railway transportationindustry in our country achieve effective,which the vaule is1.011; The total efficiency ofcentral area is highest,the east area rank second,while the west area is the lowest; The totalfactor productivity of China’s railway transportation industry achieves5.6percent by averagegrowing; The fastest growing of total factor productivity is western region, the eastern regionat last; The highest vaule of efficiency and total factor productivity of railway administrations is Hohhot bureau; The overall efficiency of railway transportation industry in our country is ingood condition, but part of the railway administrations efficiency and total factor productivityis poor that need to cause enough attention. Finally, the improve value of the input and outputof every railway administration is put forward, and put forward some improvementcountermeasures such as improving modern enterprise system and strengthen management,promoting coordinated regional development,controlling the scale of network rationally,setting flexible fares, continue reforming freight deeply, developing public transport subsidiesmechanism.