Ad Hoc Network QoS Multicast Routing Algorithm Based On Ant Colony Optimization

Ad Hoc network is a temporary multi-hop communication network which can quickly and automatically self-organizing. In this network, all the nodes are with a wireless transceiver, communicate with each other by band-limited wireless link, and are equal in status. No fixed infrastructure and fixed topology exist in this network, so it has very strong robustness and survivability. Ad Hoc network is widely used in the military field, natural disaster emergency treatment, scientific exploration, adventure, interactive presentations, business meetings, emergency communications, and other social fields.Because of fast-changing network topology, bandwidth-limited wireless links, performance-limited nodes, the traditional routing protocols of fixed network can not to meet the actual needs of the routing performance in the Ad Hoc network. The research of Ad Hoc network routing protocol becomes an important part of Ad Hoc network techniques, and trying to balance network traffic and energy consumption of nodes are the technical difficulties. Applications of Ad Hoc network determines that the QoS and multicast communication should be supported by its routing protocol. Therefore, one of the targets of the current Ad Hoc network technology research is to design a Qos Multicast routing algorithm which can balance the energy of nodes.In 1991, Marco Dorigo proposed a heuristics search algorithm based on swarm intelligence who inspired by the foraging behavior of ants. Ant colony algorithm is robust, adaptive, positive feedback and parallelism, and does not depend on the mathematical description of the specific issues, so it is an effective method to solve NP-complete problems. The AntNet, which based o ACO, is a good solution to the electronic communications network routing problems. Because the behavior of ants and the data transmission of Ad Hoc network has a lot of similarities, so the ant colony algorithm becomes an important reference for the design of Ad Hoc network routing algorithm.Therefore, In view of the characteristics of AntNet algorithms and Ad Hoc network, the paper proposes an OoS multicast routing algorithm which can balance the energy status of Ad Hoc network. By using the energy status of path and other QoS parameters to update the pheromone, the way-finding behavior of ants can balance the energy consumption of network nodes and the flow of data transmission, and ultimately prolong the survival time of the whole network. By OMNET++ simulation software, the algorithm and other Ad Hoc network routing protocols are simulated in the same scene, and the experimental results are analyzed and compared. The simulation data shows that the algorithm has excellent performance on reducing delay and balancing nodes energy.