The Research On Time Synchronization Clustering Algorithm For Wireless Sensor Networks

With the rapid development of the wireless communication technology, modern network technology and sensor technology, wireless sensor network(WSN) maintained a rapid growth trend in practice. When performing the many basic operations, including data fusion, location, safety and tracking protocols, it require the timestamp in the message. Therefore, the time synchronization is very important for wireless sensor network. Due to characters and the constrains of the sensor network, such as volume, price and energy, it make the NTP, GPS and other existing full-blown synchronization mechanism are not suitable for sensor networks. Therefore, Considering the synchronization precision and energy consumption requirements together, this paper puts forward the time synchronization algorithm based on clustering model. Paper’s main work and innovations are as follows:1. Based on the purpose of reducing energy consumption and prolonging the running time of the wireless sensor network, and considered the shortcomings in the course of the LEACH algorithm, this paper proposes a double cluster algorithm based on LEACH improvement and the clustering thought. In this algorithm, it carries on cluster head election between the confluent cluster head nodes and forwarding cluster head nodes respectively. The algorithm makes the reasonable optimization of threshold selection of the confluent cluster head nodes, in order to the higher remaining energy, the shorter distance between cluster head node and cluster member nodes, the higher intensity of nodes around cluster head node can be selected; the forwarding cluster head nodes make the remaining energy and the distance between reference node and forwarding cluster head node be taken into account, and use the Dijkstra shortest path algorithm to find the best path from the forwarding cluster head to the base station. The algorithm optimize the network structure between the nodes, improve the utilization rate of the total energy of the wireless sensor network and make more efficient for time synchronization.2. In view of the limited energy and improving the accuracy of time synchronization, this paper proposes a new type of mixing time synchronization mechanism. In the time synchronization between reference node and forwarding cluster head nodes, the algorithm uses lightweight tiny-sync time synchronization mechanism. In the time synchronization between confluent cluster head nodes and forwarding cluster head nodes, it employ the improved two-way time synchronization mechanism. Due to the smaller distance between confluent cluster head nodes and cluster’s members, it adopts the improved broadcast synchronization mechanism with adding time stamps. So the algorithm can realize the high precision of time synchronization network.3. Based on the MATLAB simulation tools, this paper made simulation analysis of the improved clustering algorithm and hybrid time synchronization mechanism. The algorithm achieve significant improvement and superiority in energy consumption, synchronization improvement and survival time, compared with classical time synchronization algorithm.