The Study Of The Energy Problem Of Wireless Sensor Network In Smart Grid

With the development of smart grid technologies and wireless sensor networks (WSN), the integration of two advanced technologies has become a trend in the future development of the smart grid. As one of the key technologies in the internet of things, wireless sensor network technology, because of its low cost and high reliability, has broad application prospects in power equipment condition monitoring and failure prediction, smart metering and smart home, transmission line fault detection warning and other location. However, due to the characteristics of WSN itself, the application in smart grid has many bottlenecks and WSN node short life is the biggest challenge. For nodes are usually powered by batteries, nodes fail when the battery runs out. The node is often arranged in an extremely harsh environment, which brings difficulties to replace the battery. It is not practical to replace the battery of each node for the number of nodes is very large. In order to improve the lifetime of nodes, currently there have been numerous studies of low-power node hardware technology, low power consumption agreements and ambient energy harvesting technology, but these techniques can not fundamentally solve the problem of node short lifetime radically. Through the analysis of above advantages and disadvantages of low-power technology and the latest low-power WSN technology research progress, we put forward rechargeable wireless sensor networks based on wireless charging technology, which increase the power module on wireless charging node. Wireless charging robot will timely replenish the energy of nodes when the battery of the nodes runs out. According to the degree of importance of the different power equipment monitoring, we added priority to nodes to optimize this technology’s improvements, proposed a Differentiated Rechargeable Wireless Sensor Network, and established its integer linear programming model solved by CPLEX. The results of the model show that Differentiated Rechargeable Wireless Sensor Network enable high priority in WSN nodes to receive more energy and the reliability of WSN is improved, but the path efficiency of this wireless charging method is reduced.