Research On Extensions And Applications Of OpenADR Communications Specification

The resource and environment pressure have brought the global power industry into the era of Smart Grid. As an important interactive resource, Demand Response (DR) has the requirement to construct Smart Grid with the characteristics of informatization, automation and interaction. Open Automated Demand Response Communications Specification (OpenADR) is the latest research achievements of the United States. It pointed out the direction for the development of Demand Response and had been verified the feasibility and effectiveness in the field of Auto-DR through a series of experiments and tests. But, on the one hand, OpenADR does not fully comply with IEC standards and specifications in the aspect of information model and interface, which is not compatible with the existing power system based on Common Information Model (CIM). On the other hand, OpenADR information model cannot fully meet the need of DR business development. Therefore, it is necessary to extend the OpenADR communications specification.In this paper, the OpenADR information model was further researched on the basis of analysis of the OpenADR communications specification. The method of integrating OpenADR into CIM was studied based on the comprehensive differentiation analysis of all the existing CIM packages and classes. Then the OpenADR information model based on XML Schema was converted into the UML model which accords with IEC CIM according to the mapping between XML Schema and UML Class Diagram. On this basis, the paper classified the OpenADR information model into six packages and established the dependencies according to the CIM modeling methods, and then compared each class of the six packages with the existing CIM classes. If the class of OpenADR can be mapped to CIM and the attributes are the same as or less than CIM, the corresponding CIM class are directly used to replace the OpenADR class. If the class of OpenADR can be mapped to CIM and the attributes are not exactly the same, the OpenADR class should be inherited from CIM and retain its own attributes. If the class is necessary to DR business but there is not a corresponding one in OpenADR, it should be added in OpenADR information model. In this way, the OpenADR extension was accomplished at last based on CIM.The purpose of extending OpenADR and establishing OpenADR information model based on CIM is to make OpenADR more effectively applied to the actual object. The paper analyzed the importance of OpenADR information model based on CIM in the aspect of expanding DR function from optimizing electric energy configuration to providing real-time auxiliary services and the applications of OpenADR extension in power system integration and CIM applications extension.Through research, this paper put forward the OpenADR extension based on CIM and analyzed the superiority, which on the one hand has a certain guiding value for the development direction of Auto-DR and on the other hand provides a basis for formulating international Demand Response standards and technical routes.