Clustering Based Energy Efficient Femtocell Networks

Energy consumption has recently become the primary interest of network operators due tothe ever growing number of consumers. Many techniques have then been proposed toreduce the energy consumed in mobile network. Among the solutions, Femtocelldeployment comes out to be a very efficient way to save energy in mobile communication.Although the introduction of femtocells has resolved some of the problems, it inducesother energy consumption issues in case a large deployment of the Femto Base Stations(FBS) in a restrained area. Therefore, this project proposes an improved energy savingscheme with an automatic sleep mode status in a large scale Femtocell network. Thisscheme consists of scaling the femtocell network into different distinct group calledcluster and electing a leader for each of the clusters. The Cluster Leader (CL) isresponsible for detection any active call in the cluster coverage so it has to keep its snifferor sensor active. Meanwhile, all the Cluster Members (CM) automatically switch topassive mode by offing their pilot transmission and related processing in order to reducetheir energy consumption. Leaders’ election is the key to this scheme. A proper clusterconstruction and leader election algorithm determines the effectiveness of the proposedscheme. In this project, a much sophisticated cluster construction was used to electfemtocell leaders in the randomly generated femtocell network. After simulation, theresults showed that the algorithm used in this project helped reduce the overall energyconsumed by the network compared to other schemes like UDTX and PDTX under thesame simulation criteria. In fact, the energy consumed by a predefined sample of FBSsusing our proposed scheme in much less than the energy consumed by the same sampleusing the above mentioned schemes.