Lifetime Maximization Through Dynamic Ring-Based Routing Scheme For Data Collecting In WSNs

A wireless sensor network is a special kind of network that consists of a large number of small, inexpensive, battery-powered sensors. The sensors can be densely deployed to monitor the environment and collect useful information on their surroundings. During the lifetime of network, the collected information is periodically gathered and transmitted to a base station for further processing. How to efficiently use the energy of sensor nodes for data collection is one of the key problems to be solved in wireless sensor networks.We believe that, in wireless sensor networks, concerning the problem of maximizing network lifetime for data aggregation, even though there are a lot of good routing methods to solve this problem, but they do not know how to design a practical and efficient way to maximize the network lifetime. This work provides a novel dynamic ring based routing scheme for correlation data aggregation named Ring Based Correlation Data Routing (RBCDR) scheme. In this scheme, first, nodal data is routed to rings which have abundant energy in minimum hops, and then all data aggregation is processed along the ring, after that, the aggregated data is routed to the sink with shortest route. Compared with current research, RBCDR scheme has the following advantages:(1)RBCDR scheme has higher network lifetime. RBCDR scheme processes data aggregation in non-hotspots regions which have abundant energy and then routes all aggregated data to the sink, achieving less data sent to the sink and thus decreasing the energy consumption in hotspots near the sink, therefore, it significantly improves the network lifetime.(2) RBCDR scheme is very practical, using the currently proposed routing algorithm can perform efficient data aggregation, so this practical design solutions can reduce the complexity of implementation.Through theoretical analysis and simulation results, our scheme is proved to improve network lifetime by200%to340%, compared with sink-centered baseline version data aggregation scheme. Moreover, the energy is more balanced in RBCDR scheme with energy efficiency up to 60%and the remaining energy ratio is only50%of baseline version data aggregation scheme. Moreover, RBCDR scheme has low complexity and robustness in a dynamic network; therefore, it is very suitable for practical implementation.