Explore The Impact Of Chinese Urban And Rural Education Inequality On Income

Our country’s current income gap is large, and the gap is at a high level in the world. However the oversize income distribution gap is not conducive to stimulating domestic demand and consumption. Also it will discourage the labor enthusiasm of low-income people, ultimately affect social stability. Therefore, how to better coordinate the distribution of incomes, narrow the in-come gap, and promote social equity, is the inevitable requirement of building a well-off society in an all-round way. I believe that educational inequality is a major factor of widening income gap, so this paper selecting to connect edu-cation with residents’income distribution, from the perspectives of education inequity to analyze the role it was played in increasing our country’s income gap. Measure the impact of the income gap between urban and rural educa-tion inequality through quantitative. Findings and recommendations will help the education department to make a more scientific and effective educational investment decisions. Thereby narrowing the income gap of residents in our country and promoting the harmonious development of society.In this paper, the content and conclusions are as follows:1.Based on the CGSS2013 micro survey data,we divide individual samples into five income groups by according to the average wage income and use ed-ucation degree, family background, working industry, gender, age, region and household registration as the dependent variables to establish the logit model. Then we apply the maximum likelihood estimation method to estimate pa-rameters.It reveals that educations have significant promotions on improving the people’s income, junior and senior high school education’s contribu-tion to the promotion of individual income is small, while college and bachelor degree have a very significant positive impact on obtaining higher and higher income. Under same conditions, Individuals with college and higher educa-tion is 20.675 times than just a primary school education and below middle to get middle-income and 17.545 times to get high income. In addition, family background, region, gender and other factors also have a significant impacts on the income of residents, but among all the factors, the level of education contribute most to promote the income.2.Based on the China Education Statistical Yearbook (2010), we select 16 index reflecting the gap between urban and rural education development and calculate the Pearson simple correlation coefficient between each index, also make a t-test, then we find a strong correlation between the index. By using principal component analysis, we synthesize urban and rural primary schools, junior school and high school index of the education development inequality.The results shows that in the primary stage, Shanghai, Chongqing, Tibet, Sichuan, Ningxia are far behind the town; Henan, Hubei, Guizhou, Hunan, Gansu are the five most balanced regions;Inner Mongolia, Beijing, Pujian, Shaanxi, Shanxi provinces’rural education have surpassed the town. In the Junior stage, Qinghai, Guangdong, Hubei, Chongqing, Guangxi are far behind the town;while Jilin, Fujian, Xinjiang, Tibet, Gansu are the five most balanced regions; Beijing, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Hebei, Tianjin provinces’rural education have surpassed the town.In the Senior stage, Tianjin, Guangdong, Chongqing, Gansu, Jiangsu are far behind the town; Guizhou, Shanxi, Henan, Hebei, Shandong are the five most balanced regions;Tibet, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Shanghai, Jilin provinces’ rural education have surpassed the town.Then we use the above composite index with the urban and rural income gap to make a regression analysis, furthermore adding four indicators:the regional individual GDP, urbanization level, the level of industrial structure and financial size as control variables to establish a linear model and estimate the parameters with Spss.Exploring the expanding effect of urban and rural education inequality. The results show that the inequality of urban and rural education development in primary school and high school have significant im-pact on the expansion of the income gap, In addition, the regional economic development level is positively correlated with the residents’income gap, the improvement of urbanization helps to narrow the gap between the income of urban and rural residents.3.Based on the China Education Statistical Yearbook (2013), we construct the regional inequality index at all levels of education in urban and rural areas in 2013, and compared it to 2010 to explore whether increasing funding for education investment has improved the urban and rural education inequalities in recent years. As a consequence, we find that from 2010-2013, with the huge investment in education funding, the absolute value of the inequality index of urban and rural high school in 19 provinces of 31 have decreased. High school education in urban and rural areas tends to be balanced; while it is not obvious in ordinary elementary and junior high school education.In addition, by comparing the educational expenditure of urban and rural areas, we find the phenomenon that our education expenditure spend more in urbans while less in rural, more in high school and less in primary school, so the distribution system needs to be improved, which is reasons of large gap in the elementary, junior high school in urban-rural areas.4.We put forward some suggestions to improve the urban-rural inequality in education according the above conclusions.Innovation in this article are as follows:1. When exploring the impact of resident’s education on income, we join the family income variable. In order to reduce the duplication of information ,using factor analysis to the three control variables factor:parents’level of education, occupation, and family income and construct an index that com-prehensively reflect the family background of the family and social status and make it as a model control variable;2. On the study of the impact of inequality of urban and rural education on the income, according to Feng[l], we add language lab area, and split the number of teachers who is above graduate degree into college and undergrad-uate degree, split number of teachers with senior titles in primary school into the number of primary school teachers in senior titles and the number of teach-ers in senior middle school, which can conveniently study the gap of teachers between urban and rural. In addition, in the control variables, we add urban and rural financial regulation mode variable by excluding the share index of significant rural fixed assets in the total social fixed assets.3. We compare the equality index of different levels of education in 2013 with 2010, to explore the roles of an increase in education funding invest-ment on bridging the gap between urban and rural education, and give some suggestions of allocation of funds to education refer to some conclusions.