Research On The Female Fertility Desire Under The Background Of Universal Two-child Policy

Women are half the sky of the society, especially in the modern that women continue to participate in the era of social production, women’s social status in the society improves continuously. The right to speak has increased not only in the society but also in the family. The fertility desire of this population affects the family’s fertility desire and the actual fertility behavior.Under the background of Universal Two-child Policy, and Homans’ Exchange Theory and Coleman’s Rational Choice Theory as a guide. Study the women’s fertility desire situation, mainly analysis from the four dimensions of fertility desire: The number of births, birth sex, birth time and interval and the purpose of birth. And on the basis of this, know what is affecting women’s fertility desire.The research shows that most of the women have the desire of birth the second child. But the actual fertility behavior is not high. More women keep an attitude of waiting and seeing. Generally speaking, women’s sexual preference is not obvious. They are more inclined to have one son and one daughter. Many women regard 23 to 30 years old as their ideal bearing ages. The average spacing is 3.9 years. In women’s idea fertility is necessarily. Many women want to have children. But in the actual fertility they will consider various factors.Through the analysis of the results, there are many factors that affect the birth number of women. Age, occupation, education level, household registration in the individual level of women, marital status, brothers and sisters in the family level and social policy all affect the choice of the number of women; And women’s birth sex more is influenced by the factors of female individual, at the same time, the change of birth concept also affected women’s gender preference; And women’s birth time and interval is related to education and culture. For the problem of employment pressure and rearing cost that influence of female second child. In this study, we think that the government and the society should increase the support for raising children. Women should look at the issue of fertility, improve traditional fertility habits and the family should be given the right support. Understanding the status of women’s fertility desire is good for our comprehensive two-child policy. It is very meaningful to improve the population structure of our country.