Research On Teachers’ Promotion Of American Primary And Secondary Schools

In the year 2016, the teachers’ professional title system of primary and secondary schools is reformed on a national scale. To establish a system combined the professional title assessment and post employment of teachers on the professional title system,which is very important to the current reform of primary and secondary school teachers. The United States is one of the earliest countries to imply the professional promotion system. Since 1960 s, the teachers professional system has got remarkable achievement on stabilizing the contingent of teachers and improving the over all quality of teachers. Teacher Advancement Program(TAP)is the most wildly applied professional promotion system in the United States. This program was first implied by Milken Family Foundation in 1999. The TAP is consists of four key elements:1.multiple career paths; 2. ongoing applied professional growth; 3. instructionally focused accountability;4. performance-based compensation. These four elements influenced each other, and from different fields, development, promotion, assessment and remuneration,to play its part. After the implement of the TAP, it has made a huge achievement in the incentive teaching, attract talents to become teachers, and improve the retention rate.Therefore, the author attempts through research the professional promotion system of United States——TAP in Louisiana to provide reference and suggestions to the reform of Chinese primary and secondary schools.Part one is exordium, it mainly describes the research background, theoretical and practical significance. It focuses on the research status of the promotion of American primary and secondary school teachers. At present, domestic study about this issue is scattered over the studies on the education reform of America, yet less thematic studies. By contrast,although foreign literature is much more, it appears mostly in the form of assessment reports,and less integration and analysis. The exordium also discusses the research methods,innovative points, difficulties, and defines the core concepts:professional title, career promotion, Teacher Advancement Program(TAP).The first chapter discusses the origin and development history of teachers’ promotion of American primary and secondary schools.promotion system origins from the reform of American merit pay system,which experienced three periods:60s to 80 s of the 20 th century is in t-he embryonic stage;mid and late 80 s to 90 s of the 20 th century is in developing stage;1990 today is in the mature stage.After a few decades of development, teachers’ promotion system h-as a profound theory basis and relevant support actions from the government.The author is trying to provide relevant background information by breaking down the details.Chapter two mainly describes the Teacher Advancement Program(TAP), which is widely used as a teachers’ professional promotion system in America. Teacher Advancement Program(TAP),is supported and carried out by the Milken Family Foundation, it aims at attracting more talented people into education. The program consists of four core elements: multi-path career path, applied continuous professional development of teachers, accountability focuses on teaching, and performance-based pay system in view of assessment. The four core elements include all aspects of teachers’ school work, thus solve the problems faced by teachers fully. They are interrelated and indispensable.In the third chapter, Teacher Advancement Program(TAP)in Louisiana is a concrete case,and the specific implementation details of the plan are deeply analyzed.First of all, on the Teacher Advancement Program(TAP) implementation of the management of the core leadership team are introduced.Secondly, through the seminar, personal growth plan, teaching evaluation and teacher training, and so on, this paper further illustrates the specific implementation process.The third chapter then introduces the interview process of teacher career advancement and the job responsibilities of one year after the promotion. Finally, the teacher’s personal participation plan experience as a perceptual material to further say the problem.The fourth chapter summarizes the characteristics and the influences of the Teacher Advancement Program(TAP) in Louisiana. Paying attention to school-based teaching and research development;Teachers share their leadership to manage the school jointly;Paying attention to pre evaluation and post evaluation equally; Combining individual performance with team performance to distribute salary. These are four obvious characteristics of TAP.Furthermore, to conclude the effects of the implementation of TAP program on students and teachers by summarizing and analyzing relevant documents.The fifth chapter teases out the status and the remaining problems of teachers’ promotion system of primary and secondary schools and focuses on the enlightenments of TeacherAdvancement Program(TAP) to our country. Paying attention to school-based teaching and research development; Sharing leadership and broaden the career development channels of teachers; Emphasizing the continuity of evaluation and establish the perfect evaluation system;Being fair and reasonable, make evaluation based performance salary system.