The Application Of Analogy In The High School Mathematics Teaching

Analogy is a method comparing two things, finding some same or similar characters, thus speculating that other areas also have the same or similar, and making a judgment method of reasoning; analogy is also called the analogical reasoning. It is a kind of important scientific method, in the history of mathematics, many important theorems and discoveries are related with analogy. Polya once said: "Analogy is a great guide", so to speak, analogy is to explore and solve problems and to find new results of a kind of effective thinking method; it is an important means to find new concept, method, theorem and formula, but also is an important way to open up new areas and creating new branches of mathematics. In mathematics learning, we should not only let the students master the mathematics knowledge, what is more important is to let students understand the mathematics thinking method among them, to grasp the essence of mathematics, to understand the value of mathematics. With the deepening of educational reform, students’ quality education and the cultivation of innovation ability get the attention of educational circles increasingly; analogy, as an important way of thinking, is favored by mathematical researchers. In the 2003 issue of the "ordinary high school mathematics curriculum standard" explicitly mentioned the reasonable inference, and analogy as a plausible reasoning also causes the attention of teachers and students, so in the process of mathematical teaching, teachers can consciously guide the student to carry on analogy, develop the students’ ability of analogy.This article is to study the following five aspects: The first part introduces the reasons put forward by the analogy of teaching, research status at home and abroad as well as the theoretical basis of analogy and significance of education analogy; the second part introduces the concept of analogy, classification and analogy and induction, deduction of difference; the third part introduces the analogy in high school textbooks in the application of the various modules in each module mainly around the analogy of textbook knowledge to solve problems and how to use analogies to analyze two aspects; the fourth part of the teaching uses specific cases to analyze classroom analogy, and by analogy teaching practices illustrates the advantages and the problems that exist in teaching; Finally, the contents of this paper are summarized, using analogy as an entry point, teachers can make their classes achieve a multiplier effect, and then the paper analyzes the shortcomings of research, expecting it can provide a reference to teachers in their teaching of the analogy.