| It is rare to study the evolution of the modern physical education in colleges in our country from the perspective of "gender", nor to research the relationship between physical education in universities and femininity development. The hundred year’s development in modern physical education for females in our country not only reflects the development path from the perspective of politics, economy, culture and education in various periods, but presents the diversity of evolution process.The study in the evolution of the modern physical education for females in colleges in our country benefits to the well development of physical education for females in the new period, it provides a historical reference for the present reformation of physical education, and helps to set up female subject consciousness and scientific views on females.This paper uses documentary, expert interview, questionnaire and other research methods to make an intensive study of the evolution process of the modern physical education for females in colleges in our country, and the conclusions are listed as followed:Firstly, the evolution of the modern physical education for females in colleges in our country starts from the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society in the end of Qing Dynasty. The modern physical education for females in our country evolves from the period of Sino-British Opium War, Westernization Movement and The Hundred Days’Reform, presents the characteristics of the time as budding, borrowing, passivity and feudal.As the announcement of "Gui Mao System" in the "New Deal" period in the end of Qing Dynasty, the physical education for females in the colleges in our country developed as institutionalized and standardized gradually, although it follows the example of the Japanese educational system, and extends the development space for female society, it is still enslaved to the secular ideas at that time.The time interval from the announcement of "Gui Chou System" to the foundation of people republic of china is a significant period for the rapidly developed physical education for females in our country, though it encountered the difficulties of externalized and imbalanced development, it accurately presents the characteristics of the balance for wandering and advancing, as well as innovating and integrating in this specific time period.Secondly, the evolution track of modern physical education for females in our country appears to be a kind of "pendulum structure"; it shows the tendency of generalization and popularization as from none to all, and from high to low; it also reveals the gradual evolution path from "Closed-Cloorism" to "Referism" then to "Dispute about Localization and Westernization". These three structures elaborate the development patterns and characteristics of the evolution of physical education for females in our country in the last recent centre.Thirdly, the evolution of modern physical education for females in our country can be concluded as a result of cooperation of subject factors and object factors. Especially, the setting-up and developing of female subject consciousness turn to be the subject factors, while the influence from politics, economy, culture and education are regarded as object factors.Fourthly, the evolution of modern physical education for females in our country makes a great difference on the philosophy of physical education, the reformation of physical courses, the development of extracurricular physical education and etc.Finally, the evolution of modern physical education for females in our country provides various effective suggestions and measures for the present physical education for females in colleges, such as setting up gendered physical courses; increasing the number of stadium and equipment that are much more "adapted" to female students; establishing scientific educational evaluation system for physical education;taking full advantage of the physical education and assisting to promote the female leadership to a higher level. |
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