Study On Gender Differences And Influential Factors Of Floating Population’ Income

With the development of urbanization and relaxation of "hukou" system, the number of floating population has grown sharply since the market-oriented reforms. By the end of2012, there are236million floating population in china. Their living circumstances constitute an important part of "Chinese experience" and " Chinese feeling", which are also associated with the economic and social development of china. Therefore, this paper tends to study the floating population’ living circumstances through two related issues:the gender differences and influential factors of their income, of which the former is an excellent perspective to inspect their gender relations, while the latter is used to explore their income model.To answer these questions, this paper studies the gender difference of floating population’income and the contribution rate of every factor, using the nested model, Oaxaca model, based on the SUZHEHU data from "national migrants dynamic monitoring survey in2012". It also examines the influence of marketization on the income gender differences through the inter-comparison among ownership sectors and cities, and establishes multiple linear regression model about the influential factors. The analysis of the data shows that there are significant gender differences in floating population’ income, among which the human capital and occupational gender segregation are the most important determinants, respectively accounting for12%and16%. Marketization has no clear impact direction on the income gender differences of migrants, or we can say that there is no enough evidence of relations between them. On the aspect of influential factors, there are many factors which can influence income, such as human capital (including gender, education, age, local and total length of working, weekly working hours and employment status), system (whether to hold a local hukou or valid temporary residence permit), structure (nature of the employment unit, occupational gender segregation), interpersonal relationship network, and so on. Among them, the origin area and migrate range, as migrate variable, have significant effect on the income; and the influence of migrate pattern on income varies according to gender, for instance, non-individual migration have positive impact on the male migrants, but negative impact on female ones, which means floating population’ income is determined by factors of two level:individual and social.