Analysis On Biology Experimental Test Questions Of The College Entrance Examination Of Guizhou Province And Exploration Of Cultivating Experimental Abilities

Biology experimental ability is an important ability toeducational training of the biological subject, which can cultivatestudents’ ability to analyze and solve problems, help students tograsp scientific thinking methods, and have a more important rolein forming rigorous scientific attitude. Biology experimental testthat can not only test students’potential in natural scienceresearch, but students’qualities in research on life science, isthe outstanding theme of the college entrance examination ofbiology. By starting with the grades of biology experimental partof the college entrance examination of our province in recent years,analyzing the experimental test questions and the test tostudents’ experimental abilities, combining with the analysis ofinvestigations to students’experimental abilities and teachers’experimental teaching of Guiyang senior high schools, this thesisaims to find out the causes that influence senior high schoolstudents’experimental skills in our province, to provide factualbasis to improve senior high school biology experimental teachingin our province. This thesis also made an analysis on biology papersof the college entrance examination of Guizhou province from2007to2013and the students’ scores of experimental questions and madean evaluation on the students’experimental abilities.Experimental content has been always the focus of the collegeentrance examination before and after the curriculum reform, andthe difficulty is proper and stable. As for biology experimentalabilities, the senior high school students in Guizhou province arerelatively better at using instruments for experimental operationand analyzing data to get experimental results these two aspects,and bad at analyzing the experimental results and expressing theresults in biological terms, but the worst is the ability to makeassumptions and design experiment scheme. Through questionnaire survey, this thesis made an analysis onthe present situation of senior high school students’ biologyexperimental abilities and teachers’ experiment teaching inGuiyang city, and the result is consistent with the students’experimental abilities reflected in the biology college entranceexamination papers:(1) Students are doing relatively well in usinginstruments and experimental operation and dealing with the datato get experimental results. Because teachers tend to focus onexplaining the experimental steps when teaching experiment, and thestudents observe the experimental phenomenon and record the relateddata, which emphasize the students’ operation and results analysis,most of the students can grasp what they have learnt after usingthe experimental apparatus, can accurately observe the experimentphenomenon and record the data, thus to get the experimental resultsand analyze them.(2) Students have poor abilities in choosing andclearing the topic, and there are very few students designexperiments to verify the phenomenon related with their major thatthey discovered in daily life. Teachers ignored the cultivation ofexplorative experiments for the students’abilities to choose andclear topic in experimental teaching, so there are less explorativeexperiments, but tend to be more experiments that aim to explainthe principles and purposes of the experiment, which hardly let thestudents themselves to explore.(3) Students’abilities of usingbiological terms to present experimental result are not so good,most of the students occasionally or never use biological terms toexpress after finishing the experiment. Teachers present theexperimental results by telling the experiment principles, doingexperiments and analyzing the experiment phenomenon to the studentsin the process of experiment teaching, which lacks the developmentof students’ abilities of analyzing to get the conclusion andpresenting in their own words.(4) Students are generally weak in making assumptions and designing experiment scheme. There are fewstudents can come up with better experimental method than that inbooks or lab report in the experiment, and most students do not thinkabout improving experimental methods to reduce experimental errorsafter the experiment. Maybe this is because most of the teachersdo not systematically explain the design of experiment steps andmethods in details when teaching students, nor do they useindependent explorative teaching method to develop the students’abilities of experiment design.Combining with the research results of the investigation, thisthesis further put forward feasible strategies to developstudents’experimental abilities in order to strengthen students’experimental abilities: to help students use the brain and handstogether in the experimental teaching; to develop students’consciousness experiment; to focus on discovering the relatedcontent of materials to the experiment; to increase the number ofexploring experimental teaching; to strengthen the instruction ofexperimental teaching methods to the students’ research methods.