The Study Of The Loss And Reconstruction Of Function Of The Family Who Lost The Only Child

In the 1970s, the family planning policy, especially the one-child policy in the urban areas, had been implemented. There was a boom that the family who has only-child emerged as the most common form of family. China’s population growth rate has slowed down significantly and the economic burden and environmental problems have eased since the family planning policy had been implemented. However, with the family planning policy popularized, the negative effect of the policy was gradually emerged. The disappeared demographic dividend and the family who lost only-child let China in emergency. There had more than a million families who lost only-child and increased at the rate of 76 thousands per year until 2012. It is obvious that the only-child who carried the hope of two generations or even three generations is the core of the whole family. The family who lost only-child was suffering the pain that ordinary people can not imagine. Therefore, various relevant policies had been implemented by all levels of government. However, subsidies about the family who lost only-child were far from perfect.This study analysis the loss of function and the change of structure about the family who lost only-child, as well as try to find new structure to make them on the way to improve happiness by using literature research, unstructured interview and functional substitutes by Robert King Merton. As a cell of society, families keep a important role that maintain the harmony of social and global. Try to make the families who lost only-child will have a better life style of old age is this study’s pragmatic value.This paper generally has five parts:Part one introduces the background, significance and methods of the research, as well as the domestic and foreign related literature and the innovation points and deficiencies of this paper.Part two presents the relevant concepts and the theoretical foundation of the paper.Part three contrasts the structure and function of the family who have only-child and the family who lost only-child by using the theory of structure function, analyses the function disorder because of the difference between different family forms, and presents the weakened birth function, socialization function, emotional function and social security function of the family who lost only-child.Part four is the main part of this paper. According to the idea of Robert King Merton, the social system has the functional alternatives, functional equivalents, functional substitutes, and the same function can be replaced by different items. Once dead, the departed one could not come back again, we can not repair the structure of only-child physically, but we can reconstruction the other structure to make up the loss of family who lost only-child by optimization birth function, socialization function, emotional function and social security function. In order to satisfy the loss of birth function and socialization function, establish a platform for parents who lost only-child to have priority to adopt children is a good idea, to relax the restrictions on the adoption of parents who lost only-child is needed, and it is significant to optimize the policy of the parents who lost only-child to have another child again. In order to satisfy the emotional function of the family who lost only-child, we need to rebuild the relationship between the parents, who lost only-child, establish self-organization by the family who lost only-child. Let the elder be volunteer is also a way that improve the emotional function and stimulate the need for self realization of them. In order to satisfy the social security function of family who lost only-child, we need pay attention to centralized old-age home, pension institutions and family pension without children.Part five is the summary of the paper.The innovation of this paper is to analyze the structural changes and functional disorder of the family who lost only-child, and try to rebuild the loss of function of them. The paper also presents originally let the parents who lost only-child be volunteers and construct the self-organization by themselves. Of course, there are still many deficiencies in this paper. There is no operational analysis in this paper. If there had an operational analysis and let the parents who lost only-child face to face, I will comprehend the family who lost only-child better than before.