A Study On The Policy Expectancy And Differences In Implementation Effect Of Centralized Support Pattern Of "Five-Guaranteed" Seniors

"Five-guaranteed" seniors are a specific group of poor people in rural China; they belong to a typical disadvantaged group. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, its rural "five-guaranteed" support system has been developing in practice. It has gone through four periods, including support periods of agriculture cooperation, planning the development of villages and towns, disbursement by agriculture tax, and appropriation by public finance. It is necessary to research into the current five-guaranteed support system when facing the current conditions in rural areas. The existing five-guaranteed support system is divided into centralized and scattered patterns. Centralized support pattern, as a later developed endowment pattern, has been supported by a majority of scholars in recent years. At present, research on five-guaranteed mainly focuses on the difficulties of centralized five-guaranteed support system, lacking comparative research between policy instrument and policy effect. Through elaboration and summarization of centralized support pattern for five- guaranteed seniors and its relevant polices, this article further probes into the operation of the goal of five-centralized support system, playing significant role in solving the problem of five-guaranteed seniors in ethnic minority areas, developing gerocomiums in rural areas and promoting the construction of New Socialist Rural Area.In this study, I reviewed previous literature:summarizing the rise and development of rural China’s five-guaranteed support system especially centralized support system, interpreting policies and regulations on five-guaranteed endowment pattern, and doing literature review on articles about endowment security and social relief of disadvantaged groups. Additionally, through site visits to rural gerocomium of Wuming County and Mashan County in Nanning, China, interviews and questionnaires with five-guaranteed seniors, I was able to know the real living conditions of five-guaranteed seniors. Therefore, I investigated major problems of centralized give-guaranteed support system and put forward ideas for macro and micro policies based on new situations and major problems, offering suggestions for perfecting the implementation of five-guaranteed policy.