Study On Marx’s Thoughts Of Social Justice And Its Contemporary Enlightenment

Over the years, justice just become the most popular word, the greatest charm of this word is that it represents people’s basic requirements for a reasonable way of life and living conditions.From the founding of new China in 1949 to now, we still face many social problems. On the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, social justice has once again drawn Chinese Communist and government’s great attention. They clearly point out that social justice is a long-term goal of society building. The long-term goal requires us to properly settle the present social justice problem in order to achieve a higher level of social justice. Compared with other theories, Marx’s theory is more scientific and superior. Because it is in accordance with the objective laws and aims to meet the requirement of people. Tapping the justice resources from Marx’s theories is in line with the current context, which plays a great and important role in guiding and solving our justice problem.My paper consists five parts. In the first part, I discuss the conditions under which Marx’s theory of social justice generated. The objective aspects, I talk about the environment of Marx’s childhood and youth, the background of that era as well as the influence of other Philosophers. For the subjective aspects, I discuss Marx’s belief and Spiritual quality which have great influence on Marx.Marx and his notion of justice are controversial in academic, so it is very important to make clear the subjective and objective conditions under which Marx’s theory of social justice generated. For In second part, I refer back to Marx’s classic text to dig the idea of social justice in the Marx’s thought and get the basic understanding of Marx’s ideas of social justice. Marx walked three steps to establish his theory of social justice. The first step is the early Inheriting liberal conception of justice, and then is the midterm re-examining for the early thought. The last step is the establishing of social justice of historical materialism. Most of Marx’s thoughts of justice are in his PhD paper and his articles during the Rhine report period. In the mid-term his thoughts began to change and the basic understanding of historical materialism came into being. And all these thoughts could be found in "Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy" and articles in the Period of Yearbook of Germany and France’s. This was the foundation of Marx’s scientific thoughts of social justice. In the late, Marx’s theory of social justice reached the mature stage. The symbol was the "The German Ideology ", and it was proved by "Economical-Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844","On Capital "and "Critique of the Gotha Program". Finally Marx established the scientific ideas of social justice in the view of historical materialism.The third part of this article is mainly discusses the primary contents and characteristics of Marx’s theory of social justice. In Marx’s viewpoint, it is the unity of formal justice and substantive justice that makes the social justice. While only if the ensure of economical fairness, freedom, democracy and equity of political rights that can really ensure the unity of both formal justice and substantive justice. In addition, Marx’s theory of social justice includes four characteristics:historic, class nature, revolutionary character and reality. All of which make Marxism different and more importantly, define the scientific of the thoughts of Marx’s social justice.The fourth part is about the comparison between Marx’s theory of social justice and the present liberal theory in western world. I choose two main representatives:the Neo-liberalism of John Rawls and the Neo-classical liberalism of Friedrich August von Hayek. The comparison will show us the superiority of Marx’s theory of social justice, and it will also help us understand the essence of new western’s liberal theory of justice correctly. It is useful for us to absorb other justice theories scientifically.In the fifth part, I mainly describe how Marx’s thoughts of social justice influence our socialist justice issues. Firstly, I discuss some phenomenon of injustice of our society and why this injustice happen in our society. Secondly, I discuss the implications that how Marx’s thoughts of justice influences the construction of socialism. In his opinion, the realization of social justice has two requirements. The first one is the very abundant material wealth and the second is reasonable and just rules. Therefore, in order to deal with this injustice and promote the development of justice, we should develop our economy and improve related rules. By developing our economy and improving related rules, can social justice come true.