The Comparative Study Of Moral Education Thoughts Between Fukuzawa Yukichi And Chang Chih-tung

Fukuzawa Yukichi and Chang Chih-tung are both born in the 1830 s.But they grow in different families and in diverse countries.They receive different education,and play diverse social roles when they become an adult.All of the above exert an unneglected influence on their moral education thoughts.Chang Chih-tung’s father,grandfather and great grandfather are all the government officials of Qing Dynasty.So his father expects Chang Chih-tung to turn into a government official,too.Zhang Ying pays much attention to his son’s study.Encouraged by his father,Chang Chih-tung is very diligent and passes the imperial competitive examination successfully.It means that Chang Chih-tung comes up to his father’s expectation.And he begins his official career at the age of 30.As the superlative governor of a province,Chang Chih-tung makes great contribution to education,industry and military in the late Qing Dynasty.Born in the subordinate samurai class,Fukuzawa Yukichi is raised by his mother alone.He does not want to go to private school until he is 14.From Confucianism to Orchidology,then to English,Fukuzawa Yukichi prefers to useful knowledge all the time.The experience of visiting America and Europe makes him realize that Japanese industry is so behindhand and the populace are too backward.In order to improve the Japanese’s intelligence and morality,and spread the thought of man’s natural rights,he devotes himself to write books and set up schools.Chang Chih-tung plans that he can train new practical watchdogs to save the government of Qing Dynasty in danger.He emphasizes the study of Confucian classics,wants to moralize the public with “Three Cardinal Guides and Five Constant Virtues”.In his view,government officials are the subject of moral education.And Yanchuan is the primary method of moral education.In order to realize Janpan’s independence and prosperity,Fukuzawa Yukichi advocates that all the Janpanese are supposed to learn from the west,not only the appearance of western culture,but also the spirit of it.The spirit of western culture in fact is people’s independent spirit.Making each one become independent is the moral education aim of Fukuzawa Yukichi.In his point,the populace and scholars who advocate western knowledge are the subjects of moral education,and example is a nice moral education method which he proposes.After the comparison of moral education thoughts between Chang Chih-tung and Fukuzawa Yukichi,the author gets four points about citizen moral education of our country.Firstly,citizen moral education should pay much attention to the cultivation of independent personality.This is the demand of the times.Secondly,citizen moral education should be combined with excellent traditional culture which is the abundant resource of cultural construction.Thirdly,citizen moral education should develop the subjectivity of education receivers to the greatest extent.It is helpful for the development of educator’s subjectivity.Lastly, combining Yanchuan and Shenjiao is a good way to complete the task of moral education efficiently.