The Effect Of Experience And Cognitive Style On Prototype Elicitation In Career Development Problem Solving

In today‘s society, individual faces more or less problems or confusion during career development, such as career planning, interpersonal association, working ability, the conflict of selfrealization and environmental constraints and so on. All of above must have affect on people‘s career development and individual growth. The current researches about career development problem solving mainly focus on group counseling, vocational guidance course,the questionnaire survey and suggested countermeasures, while which rarely involve laboratory proofing, and need a long time to guide people to improve.The research based on the prototype elicitation theory of creative problem solving, on the basis of previous experimental materials, writes the experimental material store for solving career development. It verifies that the prototype elicitation effect exists in solving career development problems, and providing experimental material database for future studies. Taking practice experience and cognitive style as independent variables to explore the effect of internship experience and cognitive style on solving career development problems of prototype elicitation effect.The preliminary experiment collects the career development cases through the literature analysis method and designed the materials according to the principle of STAR. The experts evaluate experimental materials. Then using behavior experiment to verify if career development materials can be used.The experiment 1 is mainly to verify the prototype elicitation effect of career development problem-solving. It uses "1 to 1" of “learning-test” paradigm, taking material presentation mode as the independent variable, involving having prototype and the non-prototype. The dependent variable is the correct rate of problem solving. The subjects answer questions when they think out the solutions. The main test according to answer 0 or 1 grade standard for evaluation. The experimental results show that the material with and without prototype learning conditions, the results of the two experimental conditions were significant(p<0.001), proving that the prototype elicitation effect exists in solving career development problems.In Experiment 2, 14 materials were selected from the pre experiment. Every 7 materials were divided into one group. The independent variables in the experiment were internship experience. The 16 college students had more than 3 months internship experience, and the other 16 had no internship experience. The dependent variables in the experiment are the correct rate of the career development problem-solving. The experiment adopts "7 to 7" "learning-test" experimental paradigm. The result shows that with and without internship experience, the accuracy rate of solving the problems of the career development is significant(p<0.05), proving that the internship experience promotes solving the prototype elicitation effect of career development problem-solving.In experiment 3, the Embedded Figures Test was used to select the field-independence and fielddependent subjects, and 14 materials were randomly selected as solving the career development problems. The experiment uses the "7 to 7" "learning-test" paradigm. The independent variables are the cognitive style and gender, the dependent variable is the correct rate of solving the career development problem. It was found that the main effect of cognitive style was significant(p<0.001), so as the gender(p<0.05). The interaction between cognitive style and gender was not significant.The conclusions of this study are as follows:(1) Taking behavior experimental study through career development problem-solving experiment materials. The accuracy of each of the experimental materials in the prototype and non-prototype learning conditions is significant, so as the subjects in the prototype and non-prototype learning conditions. It proved that the prototype have obvious inspiration effect on career development problem-solving and there existed the prototype elicitation effect in solving problems of career development.(2) Through the "7 to 7" "learning-test" experimental paradigm, it found that with and without internship experience conditions, subjects had a significant difference between the accuracy of solving the career development problems, which proved that internship experience promoting the prototype elicitation effect on career development problem-solving.(3) The cognitive style has effect on career development problem-solving of prototype elicitation effect. The field-independent has more advantages than field-dependent ones in solving career development problems. Compared with female, the male is better on career development problemsolving.