The Study Of Evolution Of Military Strategy, Tactics And Its Impact In The Iran-Iraq War

Iran and Iraq adopted different military strategies and tactics in different periods during the Iran-Iraq war, the evolution of the military strategies and tactics on both sides has an important and direct effect on the process and results of the war.The Iran-Iraq war not only caused heavy casualties on both sides, but also brought high economic losses and long-term psychological trauma. As a result of the change of two states on the strategy and tactic lead to the serious losses.This article focuses on the evolution of military strategy, tactics and its impact in the Iran-Iraq war. The essay is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the war of propaganda on the belligerents. Although the Iran-Iraq war broke out officially on September 22, 1980, there were a frequent propaganda to attack each other before the conflict, especially Iraq mad public opinion for the war. This chapter is the prelude of the beginning of the Iran-Iraq war. The second chapter discusses the strategies, tactics and its influence on both sides during the Iraqi attack phase, and analyzes the process of the war and the cause of the failure in Iraq which adopted a quick victory strategy and blitzkrieg tactic. And Iran’s first defense phase of the process and the reason of the failure, and Iran how to destroyed the blitzkrieg tactic of Iraq. The third chapter mainly discusses the change of military strategy, tactic and its impact in the Iran-Iraq war on both sides during Iranian counter-offensive. From this stage, Iran started to use the Human Waves attack. The first section in this chapter has discussed the reasons of Iran take Human Waves strategy and its process and impact. In the second quarter I have discussed the military strategy, tactic of Iraq to against the Human Waves attack of Iran. The fourth chapter mainly discusses evolution of military strategy, tactics and its impact in the Iran-Iraq war in the stage of stalemate and the counter-offensive of Iraq. At this stage, Iraq, which wanted to take the war for peace, took on economic and psychological warfare strategy. At the same time, Iraq firstly carried out the Chemical Warfare,War of the Cities and the Tank War. On the one hand Iraq’s chemical warfare is to against the Human Waves of Iran, on the other hand Iraq attempted to cause psychological trauma by Chemical Warfare to force Iran Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini regime for armistice. The Tanker War caused heavy losses in oil production,exports and foreign exchange earning, giving priority to oil revenues both in Iran and Iraq the revenue could not meet the needs of its expenditure. Though the Tanker War damaged the economy of belligerents, mad their own oil industry serious losses, and created conditions for the end of the war. The War of the Cities not only resulted in massive destruction of infrastructure on both sides, but also punctuated their people’s psychological shadow and the fear of the war. And the War of the Cities is one of the main reasons of the ceasefire agreement. The last section of this chapter summarizes the main reason for the ceasefire, and teases out five armistices. The fifth chapter mainly makes conclusion and summary of the military strategy, tactic and its impact during the Iran-Iraq war, and draws a conclusion: heavy casualties, high economic losses and long-term psychological trauma. Opening up a discussion on casualties, economic losses and psychological trauma, and working out a concrete data of casualties and economic losses.Finally, by the analysis of the two states’ strategies and tactics, I have summed up the Iran-Iraq war brings a disaster on both sides, the conclusion is that there is no winner in the war, the devastating losses of personnel, economic and psychological defeat both sides.