A Study Of Related Factors Of Depression In College Students And The Self-confidence Group Psychological Intervention

Purposes:To know the status of college students’ s depressive mood and other social-psychological factors and explore the relations between the factors and depressive mood. To explore the effects of self-confidence training on depressive mood of college students. Methods:1. Investigation ResearchUse individual general situation questionnaire, Self-rating Depression Scale,Youth Self-confidence Inventory, Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Checklist, Simple Coping Style Questionnaire,Trust Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale and Negative Perfectionism Questionnaire to test the students recruited from four universities in Shanxi Province to kown the status of depressive mood and other social-psychological factors of college students.2. Intervention Research70 college students with depressive mood were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, all signed the informed consents.The experimental group received self-confidence training twice weekly,with 2 hours in individual cycles for 4 weeks(8 cycles) and the control group did not received any training. Testing Self-rating Depression Scale, Youth Self-confidence Inventory, Simple Coping Style Questionnaire, Trust Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale and Negative Perfectionism Questionnaire were assessed before and after the training for imediatelly and three months to validate the effects of self-confidence training on depressive mood of college students. Results:1. Investigation Research Results(1) The scores of SDS of college students are ranging form 25 to 83.75 and the average is 46.06±10.93. Within which students with mild depression are 113, moderate depression are 41, major depression are 11. The rate of college students with depressive mood is 22.4%. There are significant differences in gender on depression, self-confidence, life events, adaptive coping, maladaptive coping, faith and over planning(p<0.05). Depression has significant differences between two types of family(single-parent and double-parent)(p<0.05). Depression, perceived social support, life events, dependability and total score of trust have significant differences between only child and non-only child(p<0.05).(2) Depression is significantly negatively associated with self-confidence, perceived social support, adaptive coping, trust and its three dimensions and overcautiousness,and is significantly positively associated with life events, maladaptive coping, negative perfectionism and its dimension of fear of failure, hesitation and over planning(p<0.05).(3) Multiple step-wise linear regression analyses showed that the major factors affects depression are adaptive coping,fear of failure,self-confidence,maladaptive coping, perceived social support, life events, hesitation, faith and gender. They explain 50% variation of depression.2. Intervention Research Results(1) Results of repeated measures analysis of the data of pretest,immediate post-test and delay post-test show that there are statistically significant differences on depression, self-confidence, perceived social support, maladaptive coping,maladaptive coping,trust and faith between the two groups(p<0.05).Depression, self-confidence, perceived social support,adaptive coping,maladaptive coping,trust and its three dimemsions and fear of failure,hesitation and over planning have a trend to change over time(p<0.05) and the group have an interaction with time effect on depression,self-confidence, perceived social support adaptive coping,trust and its dimension of faith and fear of failure(p<0.05).(2) To compare the data at three time points with t-test we found that the scores of depression, maladaptive coping of immediate post-test and delay post-test of experimental group are significantly lower than those of control group(p<0.05).The scores of predictability of delay post-test of experimental group are significantly higher than those of control group(p<0.05). On the scores of self-confidence, perceived social support, adaptive coping,trust and faith of immediate post-test and delay post-test of experimental group are significantly higher than those of control group(p<0.05). Conclusions:(1) The incidence rate of depression of college students is 24.74% and is higher than that of general population.(2) Adaptive coping, fear of failure, self-confidence, maladaptive coping, perceived social support, life events, hesitation, faith and gender are the influencing factors of depressive mood of college students.(3) Self-confidence group intervention can reduce depressive mood and maladaptive coping, and enhance self-confidence, adaptive coping, perceived social support and interpersonal trust.