Multidimensional Investigation In "Personal Pronoun+ ’Shuo’" Discourse Markers

By targeting the personal pronoun+shuo (“说”)discourse markers as study subject, the paper made an multidimensional and systematic investigation in this kind of discourse marker on the basis of exhaustiveness, quantitative retrieval and analysis in CCL(Center for Chinese Linguistics) language database.First, the paper emphasizes on studying the unbalancedness of the development of "personal pronoun+shuo (“说”)”discourse markers. Specifically, there are three aspects: (1) the form of first/second "personal pronoan+shuo (“说”)"has evolved into discourse markers, while the third "personal pronoun+shuo(“说”)"form hasn’t.(2) wo shuo(“我 说”)and ni shuo(“你说”)are obviously used more frequently than "wo men/ni men shuo"(我们/你们 说”);(3)the discourse marker wo men shuo(“我们说”) is used more frequently. Meanwhile, on the basis of descriptive analysis over the above-mentioned unbalancedness, the paper made a theoretical explanation to the unbalanced development of the "personal pronoun+shuo("说")" discourse markers in many aspects including the asymmetry of personal pronoun subjectivity, dialogue scenes activation, the speaker’s emotion externalization, the frequency of a specific context and personal pronoun pragmatics deixis.Second, the paper observes wo shuo(“我说”) development from both its past and present condition and discusses its relevant forms:wo shuo(“我说”) is the direct evolvement consequence of grammaticalization from subject-predicate phrase to discourse marker. Subjectivization is the propeller of this evolvement process; in modern chinese language, the discourse marker "woshuo" is increasingly used significantly; some relevant forms like yi wo shuo("依我说")yao wo shuo(“要我说”)wo shuo ne ("我 说呢")wo shuo ma("我说嘛")have now acquired subjective cognitive righteousness and "woshuone"" woshuoma" are forms with modal particle after wo shuo("我说").Third, the paper observes ni shuo("你说") development from both its past and present condition and discusses its relevant forms:ni shuo("你说") evolvement from subject-predicate phrase to discourse marker is made from grammaticalization and subjectivization; in modern Chinese language the discourse marker nishuo is though increasingly used,but not so geat as that increase of woshuo;those relevant forms ni shuo ne ni shuo.ma yi ni shuo (“你说呢,你说嘛,依你说”)all have aguired subjective cognitive rightrousness,but the forms of zhao ni shuo ju ni shuo jiao ni shuo (“照你说,据 你说,叫你说”)remain speech action of righteousness.Fourth,the paper observes wo men shuo(“我们说”)development from both its past and present condition:in traditional Chinese language,there are only subjective cognitive righteousnesses in wo men shuo(“我们说”),namely yi wo men shuo (“依我们说”)and yao wo men shuo(“要我们说”),and yi wo men shuo (“依我们说”)is used the first time； it’s used as discourse marker only in modern times,mainly in television and film linguistic data and in the forms of presentations and discussion meetings.Fifth,the paper observes,ni men shuo(“你们说”)development from both its past and present condition: it’s used as discourse marker as early as in Qing dynasty with quiet a small number,only 7 examples until the era of the Republic of China.In modem Chinese corpus,most of them are in novels.Sixth,on the basis of a combination of relevance theory,coherence theory and adaptation theory,the paper made an systematic analysis on the discourse function of the discourse makers wo shuo (“我说”)and ni shuo (“你说”).Through analysis,we finds out that their core discourse function is metapragmatic function,which are discourse organization function,the contextual adaptation function and interpersonal function respectively.