The Influence Of Different Time Pressure And Type Of Feedback On Procrastination Behavior

Objective: To explore the effects of procrastination in different time pressure and different ways of feedback, Rich the theory of procrastination and provide active intervention for procrastinators.Methods: This study based on the theory of Chu&Choi active procrastination which divided into active and passive Procrastination group so as to explore the characteristics of the active/passive procrastination. In addition,we implemented two experiments to simulating the effects of procrastination in different time pressure and success/failure feedback.This research includes three parts:The first study was to surveying the situation of procrastination by 878 college students. the results showed that active procrastinators were 467 people, accounting for 53.19% of the total;The scores of the group of the active procrastination at the 4dimensions in pressure preference, outcome satisfaction, intentional decision procrastination and ability to meet deadlines significantly higher than passive procrastination with significant difference. Boys’ scores of procrastination higher than girls which include outcome satisfaction and total scores. There is significance among different grades.And the cognition of pressure of the passive procrastinators is significantly higher than procrastinators actively.A total of 65 sujects participated in the second study,which of them took the practice- test task paradigm in 2(time pressure: high/low) x 2(procrastination type:high/low) design of experiment to explore the time pressure on the procrastination.The results showed that under low time pressure, there is no difference between active and passive procrastinators. But when under the condition of high time pressure,active group that at the practice time and accuracy is significantly higher than passive procrastination group. Interaction between procrastination type and time pressuresignificantly;On the basis of the experimental results of the first experiment,we took the further explore under high time pressure that different ways of feedback have effects on active/passive procrastination.There are 92 sujects which assigned in 2(procrastination types: active/passive procrastination) x 3(failure /success/no feedback) control design.The results showed that for active procrastinators, there was no significant difference between the experimental group and control group in success or failure feedback at task performance. Passive procrastinators experimental group and control group in the practice time,entertainment show significant differences.As for passive procrastinators, the success feedback would increased the practice time and accuracy significantly,When Under the condition of negative feedback, a significant reduction in the practice time, accuracy, entertainment time increased significantly.Conclusion1 Nowadays,it is an very common phenomenon of procrastination among college students and most of whom took the positive delaying tactics.2 Active procrastinators at the dimension of outcome satisfaction, intentional decision procrastination and ability to meet deadlines were superior than passive procrastinators.3 Under high time pressure, active procrastinators’ performance is superior to the passive procrastination.4 The different ways of feedback don’t affect the active procrastinators’ task performance.5 Different ways of feedback have effect on the passive procrastinators’ task performance significantly, failure/negative feedback would increase time of procrastination and reduce the task performance; Success/positive feedback can reduce the procrastination time and improve task performance.