The Study Of The Zhongdong Railway Incident And The Impact Of China’s Foreign Relations

In July to December 1929, owing to the ownership of the Zhongdong railway between the Soviet Union and China, caused the Sino-Soviet conflict. This historical event played an important role in the modern Chinese history.However, for a long time, the academia research has always been debated about Zhongdong railway incident, unable to agree, for the cause of the event, responsibility and outcome of events, there have been different, and even the general historical records also varying degrees of vague deficiencies.Therefore, in this paper, on the basis of existing research results and academic declassified documents, systematically combing and analyzing of the cause and effect of Zhongdong railway incident, investigating and researching the event’s background, process and outcome, forming a comprehensive systematical evaluation on domestic and foreign policies of Nanjing national government during this period, providing history enlightenment and reference.Zhongdong railway incident is not only due to the complexity of the Northeast Asia situation, but also due to the stance of anti-communist and against the Soviet union of Nanjing government and the tough attitude of northeast authorities. In the Zhongdong railway incident, due to the attitude of patriotic enthusiasm and want to do something after the northeast authorities, youthful Zhang Xueliang did not clearly identify Russian domestic political and military strength, rashly launched the patriotic struggle of taking back the northeast of sovereign, causing the Sino-soviet conflict. In this war, the Northeast Army suffered heavy losses, Zhang felt so anguish. Regardless of the Nanjing national government opposition, Zhang negotiated peace with the Soviet Union alone, and everything restored the original state.Though the end of the war, but for the relationship of China and Russia, China and Japan, China and the United States and the foreign policy towards of Nanjing national government has a very important influence, it causes the Sino-soviet relations from gentle to bad, fear of Japan and more passive to the United States and Europe. The consequences of reason is various, in addition to, the real intention of the Nanjing national government to control Zhang Xueliang and the missteps of northeast authorities, the young communist party of China take "one-sided" strategy and the communist international push behind the events are the main factor that cannot be ignored.But in any case, we should be fully aware the action of Zhang Xueliang to defend national sovereignty, that cannot assume the Zhongdong railway incident just a "reckless act".