Sorties Of “Ego”

William Golding(1911-1993), is a famous British novelist and poet. He got Nobel Prize for Literature in 1983. The central idea he expresses in his novel is mostly about dark and evil. However, he does not only show his negative thought, but try to express a sort of dim optimism.Lord of the Flies is the first novel and a representative work of William Golding. It is an important philosophical novel. Golding isolates a group of innocent children to a desert island which is far away from adults and human civilization. And then he warns people by depicting the change of children from innocence to evil. And the evil of human nature hides in the inner heart of every human being, so we must take effective measures to prevent such evil nature. Otherwise, even the innocent children will become savage beasts.This thesis uses the theory of personality structure in the system of psychoanalysis of Freud to analyze the reflection of the id, ego and superego in the main characters of Jack, Ralph, and Piggy. This thesis further explains how the ego of Ralph defeats the id of Jack gradually. And it also analyzes how Ralph uses the ego defense mechanism to keep his inner balance, making sorties, and finally go to superego.In this thesis, the first chapter introduces the author of William Golding and Lord of the Flies.In the second chapter, it makes a brief review of domestic and abroad studies on Lord of the Flies,and also introduces the significance of the thesis.In the third chapter, it briefly presents the theory of personality structure of Freud.In the fourth chapter, it analyzes the Lord of the Flies on the basis of the theory of personality structure of Freud. The first part of this chapter mainly explains the reflection of the id, ego and superego in the Jack, Ralph, and Piggy from the macroscopic and microscopic perspectives. The second part of this chapter analyzes three main sorties of the ego from the beginning to the end. The third part analyzes how Ralph uses the ego defense mechanism to keep the balance of himself under the brutal conditions and sharp menace of Jack.In the fifth chapter, it summarizes the main idea of this thesis: the imbalance of personality may lead to destruction, but it cannot occupy the highland of personality forever. The ego will bravely break the encirclement of the id in the countless fights. It can lead human beings back to the normal track and then approach the superego step by step.