Discourse Marker "X Le" In Modern Chinese

This thesis explores the discourse marker "X le" of modern Chinese, taking "shi le" "Dui le" as an example, In modern Chinese, "X le" is one of the means of discourse markers and also in the beginning of the sentences. Since the first part of a sentence most likely cause the attention of the listener, the "X le" is more significant. To do the research on the "X le" can deepen our understanding of the discourse markers in modern Chinese. This thesis discuss mainly from three aspects:the discourse organization function, the discourse conform function and the interaction function and the results of research proof that the "X le" plays an indispensable role in the smooth progress of the communication activities.This thesis is divided into six chapters in total and the words are about 49,000.The first chapter explained the background of the topic, research objectives and significances, research status, study theory, study method and corpus source.The second chapter firstly does a comprehensive study on the discourse marker and then comes to the definition of the discourse marker. As an expression, which is mostly in the communicative activities or monologue, of marking discourse, the discourse marker is from interjection, conjunction, adverb, demonstrative pronoun, verb, phrase and sentence. But the discourse marker does not have the corresponding relationship, most of them only have the program significance, the concept significance disappeared or relegated to secondary status. The discourse marker does not act as any syntactic components, existing or not does not affect the legitimacy of the sentence. On the basis of all the above,this thesis studies the expressing of "X le" and came to the result that the difference between "X le" and other discourse markers is that the "X le" does not have concept significance and only has program significance.The third and the fourth chapter separately study "shi le" and "dui le". From the aspect of synchronic, "shi le" has three different situations, they are "shi le 1" which plays a role as predicate or complement; "shi le 2" which plays a role as modal particle and "shi le 3" which plays a role as discourse marker. From the aspect of synchronic, "dui le" has two different satiations, they are "dui le1" which plays a role sentence ingredient and "dui le 2" which plays a role as discourse marker. From the aspects of significance and function, neither "shi le 3" nor "dui le 2" have the concept significance of correction, but both of them have the discourse organization function, the discourse conform function and the interaction function.The fifth chapter is composed of two parts. One is that "X le"is used together with other discourse markers, The other is that "X le" is used together with interjections like "a", "o", "en" and so on. From the aspect of function, discourse marker is more stable.The sixth chapter is conclusion of this thesis.