| The highly robust ORE (other-race effect) had been observed among individuals fromdifferent ethnics and thought to begin in early infancy. During3to9months, infants developedthe perceptual narrowing that individual’s recognition and discrimination of own-race faces gotmuch superior than other-race faces. In order to investigate the similarities and differences ofinfants’ development of own-and other-race face scanning, we showed3-,6-, and9-month-oldChinese infants with Asian, Caucasian and African female faces’ videos using eye-trackingmethodology. Four data analysis (fixation analysis, raw fixation distribution map, ScanPathanalysis and ScanMatch analysis) were applied. In final we saw both similarities and differencesin the development of own-and other-race faces scanning. The detailed results were as follows.In terms of similarity, we found that with increasing age,(1) infants’ got more and moreattention to the active mouth.6-and9-month-olds’ fixation were higher than3-month-olds. Andtheir scan from mouth to eyes and nose also increased.6-and9-month-olds’ scanning werefrequent than3-month-olds.(2) Infants’ transition between face features got much active, of which6-and9-month-oldswere more frequent than3-month-olds. At the same time, infants saccade amplitude got muchlonger, of which6-and9-month-olds’ were much longer than3-month-olds.(3) Infants’ scanning of different race faces turned out to more and more like each other.6-and9-month-olds’ similarities scores were much higher than3-month-olds.With respect to differences, we found that (1) infants’ scanning on own-race faces’ nosebecame more and more different with other-race faces’.3-month-olds’ fixation number onown-race faces’ nose were higher than Caucasian nose. Both6-month-olds’ fixation time andnumber on own-race faces’ nose were much greater than two other-race faces’.9-month-olds’fixation number on own-race nose were higher than African nose, and the iMap showed thatinfants’ fixation on own-race nose were greater than two other-race faces’.(2) Infants’ scanof African eyes was different with two other race faces’ in three age groups.There were no scan difference on eyes between three race faces in both3-and6-month-olds, but9-month-olds’ scan onAfrican eyes were much higher than Asian and Caucasian eyes. |
